Stress Response in Bifidobacteria.

IF 8 1区 生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Pub Date : 2022-12-21 Epub Date: 2022-11-14 DOI:10.1128/mmbr.00170-21
Marie Schöpping, Ahmad A Zeidan, Carl Johan Franzén
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Abstract

Bifidobacteria naturally inhabit diverse environments, including the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and animals. Members of the genus are of considerable scientific interest due to their beneficial effects on health and, hence, their potential to be used as probiotics. By definition, probiotic cells need to be viable despite being exposed to several stressors in the course of their production, storage, and administration. Examples of common stressors encountered by probiotic bifidobacteria include oxygen, acid, and bile salts. As bifidobacteria are highly heterogenous in terms of their tolerance to these stressors, poor stability and/or robustness can hamper the industrial-scale production and commercialization of many strains. Therefore, interest in the stress physiology of bifidobacteria has intensified in recent decades, and many studies have been established to obtain insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying their stability and robustness. By complementing traditional methodologies, omics technologies have opened new avenues for enhancing the understanding of the defense mechanisms of bifidobacteria against stress. In this review, we summarize and evaluate the current knowledge on the multilayered responses of bifidobacteria to stressors, including the most recent insights and hypotheses. We address the prevailing stressors that may affect the cell viability during production and use as probiotics. Besides phenotypic effects, molecular mechanisms that have been found to underlie the stress response are described. We further discuss strategies that can be applied to improve the stability of probiotic bifidobacteria and highlight knowledge gaps that should be addressed in future studies.

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双歧杆菌的应激反应。
双歧杆菌自然栖息在多种环境中,包括人类和动物的胃肠道。该属的成员由于其对健康的有益作用而引起了相当大的科学兴趣,因此,它们有可能被用作益生菌。根据定义,益生菌细胞需要在其生产、储存和给药过程中暴露于多种应激源,但仍能存活。益生双歧杆菌遇到的常见应激源包括氧、酸和胆汁盐。由于双歧杆菌对这些压力源的耐受性是高度异质性的,稳定性和/或稳健性差可能会阻碍许多菌株的工业规模生产和商业化。因此,近几十年来,人们对双歧杆菌的应激生理的兴趣日益浓厚,并建立了许多研究来深入了解其稳定性和稳健性的分子机制。通过对传统方法的补充,组学技术为加强对双歧杆菌对应激的防御机制的理解开辟了新的途径。在这篇综述中,我们总结和评估了目前关于双歧杆菌对应激源的多层反应的知识,包括最新的见解和假设。我们解决了在生产和使用益生菌过程中可能影响细胞活力的普遍压力源。除了表型效应外,还描述了已发现的应激反应的分子机制。我们进一步讨论了可用于提高益生菌双歧杆菌稳定性的策略,并强调了在未来研究中应解决的知识空白。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
18.80
自引率
0.80%
发文量
27
期刊介绍: Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews (MMBR), a journal that explores the significance and interrelationships of recent discoveries in various microbiology fields, publishes review articles that help both specialists and nonspecialists understand and apply the latest findings in their own research. MMBR covers a wide range of topics in microbiology, including microbial ecology, evolution, parasitology, biotechnology, and immunology. The journal caters to scientists with diverse interests in all areas of microbial science and encompasses viruses, bacteria, archaea, fungi, unicellular eukaryotes, and microbial parasites. MMBR primarily publishes authoritative and critical reviews that push the boundaries of knowledge, appealing to both specialists and generalists. The journal often includes descriptive figures and tables to enhance understanding. Indexed/Abstracted in various databases such as Agricola, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Cambridge Scientific Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts Service, Current Contents- Life Sciences, EMBASE, Food Science and Technology Abstracts, Illustrata, MEDLINE, Science Citation Index Expanded (Web of Science), Summon, and Scopus, among others.
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