An improvement on LEACH protocol (EZ-LEACH)

Abstract

Wireless sensor network (WSN) refers to a group of spatially dispersed and dedicated sensors for monitoring and recording the physical conditions of the environment and organizing the collected data at a central location. WSNs measure environmental conditions like temperature, sound, pollution levels, humidity, wind speed and direction, pressure, etc. Sensors are usually attached to microcontroller and are powered by battery. Energy consideration is a critical issue for designing routing protocols. Routing techniques are the most important issue for networks where resources are limited. LEACH is one of the first hierarchical routing approaches for sensor networks. Most of the clustering algorithms are derived from this algorithm. In this paper we propose an improvement on the LEACH Protocol. In our proposed algorithm, Network logically divided into 4 zone. In first round for select CH the node that close to center of every zone forward its location to BS. Then BS select nodes that are closer than other node to center of regions. In addition, the residual energy of each node is also considered. We evaluate LEACH, PR-LEACH and Energy-Zone LEACH (EZ-LEACH) through simulations using NS2 simulator which shows that LR-LEACH performs better than LEACH and PR-LEACH protocols.