Touch DNA: Revolutionizing Evidentiary DNA Forensics

Abstract

Touch DNA is an advanced technique widely employed in modern criminal justice systems in many developed countries. It aims to extract genetic information from biological substances, specifically the cells shed from the outermost layer of skin, that are left behind on touched objects. This method involves recovering trace amounts of DNA from the biological cells released during contact, even though the quantity is usually very low. The recovered DNA is further analyzed to generate a person's DNA profile. Since dead cells are not really visible to the naked eye, successfully locating and recovering them can be challenging. Performing DNA profiling from the samples that are just touched is quite difficult, hence, requires a highly sensitive approach to its proper recovery, extraction, and amplification of the segment. The methods which are used for the collection, sampling procedure, preservation, removal of contaminants, quantification of DNA, the amplifying of the genetic material, and the subsequent analysis and interpretation of the findings all play a role in how well touch DNA analysis works. Various techniques have been created over time to gather touch DNA. Reliable DNA profiles are produced thanks to the use of sophisticated kits, tools, and well-equipped forensic laboratories, which benefit the criminal justice system.