Social security and institutions for intergenerational, intragenerational, and international risk-sharing

Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy Pub Date : 1999-06-01 DOI:10.1016/S0167-2231(99)00026-3

Robert J. Shiller

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引用次数: 150

Abstract

Social security system old-age insurance systems are devices for the sharing of income risks of elderly people with others. Risks can be shared intergenerationally (with the young of the same country), intragenerationally (with other elderly of the same country), or internationally (with foreigners).

Barriers to individuals themselves sharing their risks intergenerationally, intragenerationally, or internationally are described. Optimal design of government-sponsored social security systems is considered in light of these barriers. Alternative benefits and contributions formulas for pay-as-you-go social security systems are defined and compared with existing and proposed formulas in terms of their ability to fulfill the government's role in promoting risk-sharing. Benefits for each retired person may be tied to that person's lifetime income without causing (as with the U.S. benefits formula today) aggregate benefits for all elderly today to be tied to their past aggregate income.

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代际、代际和国际风险分担的社会保障和制度

社会保障制度养老保险制度是老年人与他人分担收入风险的机制。风险可以代际(同一国家的年轻人)、代际(同一国家的其他老年人)或国际(与外国人)共同承担。描述了个体本身在代际、代际或国际上分担风险的障碍。根据这些障碍，考虑政府资助的社会保障制度的优化设计。确定现收现收的社会保障制度的备选福利和缴费公式，并根据其履行政府促进风险分担作用的能力，与现有和拟议的公式进行比较。每个退休人员的福利可能与该人的终身收入挂钩，而不会导致今天所有老年人的总福利与他们过去的总收入挂钩(就像今天的美国福利公式一样)。

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Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy

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