Afghanistan’s Media Developments and Challenges in the Past Two Decades: A Short Glance at Media Freedom

Masom Jan Masomy
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Abstract

Media, during Taliban five years period from 1996-2001, had been totally suffocated. Only limited number of print media would publish to spread the propaganda of Taliban Emirate under Sharia Law. Post-Taliban era, media landscape obtained new image with the establishment of democratic government. Independent media were allowed to operate in accordance with the formation of new constitution of 2004. Afghanistan to rise and promote the voice of right, equality and justice, defend human rights and spread public awareness in order to serve for social responsibilities. Despite continued challenges media outlets and journalists have made tremendous progress which it has resulted in harm of their personal life from time to time due to threats of insecurity, war, warlords, strongmen, corrupted actors in government as well as in attacks of Taliban and ISIS insurgents. Hence, media outlets and journalists have been carrying on their responsibilities despite of availed risks to them and their families. In this paper, it has been viewed the status of media freedom, process of development and continued challenges to media freedom and journalists.
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阿富汗过去二十年的媒体发展与挑战:媒体自由简览
在1996年至2001年的塔利班五年期间,媒体完全被扼杀了。根据伊斯兰教法,只有有限数量的印刷媒体会出版以传播塔利班酋长国的宣传。后塔利班时代,随着民主政府的建立,媒体格局获得了新的形象。根据2004年新宪法的形成,独立媒体被允许运作。阿富汗应发出权利、平等、正义的声音,捍卫人权,提高公众意识,履行社会责任。尽管面临着持续的挑战,媒体和记者已经取得了巨大的进步,但由于不安全、战争、军阀、强人、政府腐败行为者以及塔利班和伊斯兰国叛乱分子的袭击,他们的个人生活不时受到伤害。因此,媒体和记者一直在履行他们的责任,尽管他们和他们的家人可能面临风险。本文考察了媒体自由的现状、发展过程以及媒体自由和新闻工作者面临的持续挑战。
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