Temporal and Spatial Variation of Urban Heat Island Effect in Plateau Lake Region Based on RS — A 30-Year Case Study in Dianchi Basin

Abstract

Lakeside cities in Plateau Lake Area are unique in the natural environment and ecological landscape. The rapid urbanization of Lakeside cities results in the urban heat island effect, thus impact the regional climate, ecological environment and social-economic development of plateau Lakeside cities. (1) The Landsat series of satellite remote sensing data of the past 30 years (1987–2017) in Dianchi basin is selected to retrieve brightness temperature, the land use/land cover and landscape metrics. (2) The spatial and temporal variation of heat island intensity over the past thirty years in Dianchi Lake Basin was analyzed. The result shows that the heat island is mostly concentrated in the high-density residential area, industrial area, developing land, building materials storage area and other areas. (3) The temporal-spatial correlation between land use/land cover and landscape pattern and heat island intensity in lakeside cities of the plateau was analyzed. The analysis shows that the land use/land cover and landscape pattern have a strong spatial-temporal correlation with the heat island intensity, the vegetation has an obvious cooling effect and building area has a warming effect. Urbanization undermines the characteristics of the original natural surface and causes the surface temperature change.