Electron-donor and regulatory effects of superoxide anion radicals on the processes of osteogenesis and bone remodeling: literature review

Abstract

The analysis of scientific publications on the regulatory effect of peroxide anion radicals and electronic activation of the body on the function of osteogenesis and associated systems of the body is presented according to the following information sources: Scopus database, MEDLINE, Web of Science, eLibrary.ru, Google academy for the availability of peer-reviewed original and review publications on the key words: osteogenesis, musculoskeletal system, reoxygenation, hormonal regulators, electron-donor activity, associated water phase, rehabilitation, on the basis of which search phrases on the research topic were formed. Based on a number of evidencebased scientific studies on the regulatory effect of peroxide anion radicals and electronic activation on biological processes (changes in the functional state of the liver, hematological parameters, macro- and microelement composition of liquid media and animal organs, the course of reparative processes in damaged tissues), a biophysical mechanism of systemic homeostatic action of oxygen anion radicals is proposed. This mechanism consists in antihypoxic and detoxifying action during reoxygenation of ischemic tissues, in increasing proliferative activity and shifting osteogenesis regulators (sRANKL-OPG system) towards osteoprotegerin. At the same time, the processes of binding of intracellular free calcium and trace elements in osteoblasts, activation of the macrophage reaction, neoangiogenesis and restoration of myeloid tissue in the area of bone breakdown occur. It is shown that the use of micellar mechanoactivated calcium carbonate as a source of formation of peroxide anion radicals in an aqueous medium leads to a decrease in the redox state and stabilization of cell pH, activation of mitochondrial activity accompanied by intensification of metabolism, including the exchange of micro- and macroelements, improvement of the functions of the antioxidant defense system and nonspecific immunity of the body, stabilization of physiological and biochemical parameters and the functional state of internal organs.