The Use of New Approaches in Civil Engineering Decisions for Disaster Risk Reduction

Abstract

Many structures, machinery, equipment, heritages, also socio-cultural systems may be subject to the unfavourable impacts, caused by various disaster risks, such as flooding, heavy snow, earthquakes, landslides, hurricanes, etc. For prevention and reduction of disaster risks, modern innovative engineering approaches should be used. In this paper, innovative decisions are received using modern entrepreneurship approaches on the macro level and innovative solutions at the micro-level. Entrepreneurship approaches mean to use the main principals of Ideation (Creativity, Detecting Problems, Sources of Ideas); Customer Discovery; Value Propositions; Business Model Canvas; Team Building; Validation, etc. systems. Innovative methods mean use of modern scientific approaches for receiving best solutions such as Pre-stressing techniques for steel and reinforced concrete structures; to consider stability problems of the rod system in the elastoplastic working region of the materials; using deploying systems in the structures; etc. The main objectives of the study were to develop such approaches that would allow increase of the load caring capacity of the structures for reducing disaster risks. New approaches to reducing disaster risks and increase of the load capacity of structures were developed through which the structural reliability was increased by almost 20% compared to the existing approaches.