Calculation of nonlinear optical damage from space-time-tailored pulses in dielectrics

T. Lanier, J. Gulley
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Control of the time duration of a laser pulse as it focuses spatially in a material provides a means for delaying the onset of nonlinear effects during propagation. We investigate simultaneous space-time focusing (SSTF) of femtosecond radially-chirped annular pulses in Kerr dielectrics. The energy and temporal chirp of pulses incident upon a grating-grating-lens system are varied in simulations that solve the unidirectional pulse propagation equation. This system is modeled by inserting transformations that act on the electric field obtained from propagation from one component to the next. The propagation is coupled to the time evolution of the free charge density as a function of space. The resulting “ionization tracks” are taken as a metric for predicting material modification and/or damage in bulk fused silica. As expected from linear-optical considerations, the temporal pre-chirp determines the overall pulse duration as the focusing annulus closes. We find in addition that, for a given pulse energy, the temporal pre-chirp also determines the on-axis intensity distribution as energy collapses onto the propagation axis. This effect determines how the local ionization-induced decrease in refractive index shifts energy in time relative to energy arriving on-axis from the spatially collapsing beam. The magnitude of the pre-chirp can thus control the spatial structure of ionization that may lead to material modification and/or damage.
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介质中时空定制脉冲非线性光学损伤的计算
控制激光脉冲在材料中的空间聚焦时的持续时间提供了一种延迟传播过程中非线性效应发生的手段。研究了飞秒径向啁啾环形脉冲在克尔介质中的同步时空聚焦(SSTF)特性。在求解脉冲单向传播方程的仿真中,入射到光栅-光栅-透镜系统的脉冲的能量和时间啁啾是不同的。该系统通过插入作用于从一个分量传播到下一个分量的电场的变换来建模。该传播与自由电荷密度随时间的演化作为空间的函数相耦合。由此产生的“电离轨迹”被用作预测材料改性和/或块状熔融二氧化硅损伤的度量。正如线性光学考虑所期望的那样,时间预啁啾决定了聚焦环闭合时的总脉冲持续时间。此外,我们发现,对于给定的脉冲能量,时间预啁啾也决定了能量坍缩到传播轴上时的轴上强度分布。这一效应决定了局部电离引起的折射率下降如何在时间上转移能量,相对于从空间坍缩光束到达轴上的能量。因此,预啁啾的大小可以控制可能导致材料修饰和/或损坏的电离的空间结构。
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