The Secret Existence of Expressive Behavior

R. Abelson
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引用次数: 17

Abstract

The rational choice assumption that any chosen behavior can be understood as optimizing material self‐interest is not borne out by psychological research. Expressive motives, for example, are prominent in the symbols of politics, in social relationships, and in the arts of persuasion. Moreover, instrumentality is a mindset that is learned (perhaps overlearned), and can be situationally manipulated; because it is valued in our society, it provides a privileged vocabulary for justifying behaviors that may have been performed for other reasons, and encourages the illusory belief in the universality of rational choice.
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表达行为的秘密存在
理性选择假设认为,任何选择的行为都可以被理解为物质自我利益的优化,这一假设并没有得到心理学研究的证实。例如,表达动机在政治符号、社会关系和说服艺术中都很突出。此外,工具性是一种习得的心态(可能是过度习得的),可以在情境中操纵;因为它在我们的社会中受到重视,它提供了一种特权词汇来为可能出于其他原因而进行的行为辩护,并鼓励了对理性选择普遍性的虚幻信念。
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