IMPACT OF PESTICIDE (FENITROTHION) ON AQUATIC AND TERRESTRIAL ANIMALS: A REVIEW

Abstract

Pesticide contamination has become a significant public health problem globally because of their widespread use in the agriculture sector to increase crop yield and quality. The organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) are extensively used for insect handling in agriculture due to their effectiveness against the insects and the restricted staying power in the environment. OPs can prevail prolong in the natural environment, causes pollution issues and produce a major problem to humans, animals and nature. The extensive application of OPs in public health and agricultural programs causes critical environmental pollution, which accounts for serious health issues due to acute or chronic poisoning in the living creatures. The Fenitrothion (FNT), from the organophosphate family, is the contact insecticide and the selective acaricide. This review article focuses on the adverse effects of pesticides on targeted and non-targeted organisms, including terrestrial and aquatic life. It includes organophosphates and their toxicity on humans and animals. The main focus is on Fenitrothion, its mechanism and its adverse toxic effect on animals and humans. Adverse effects of Fenitrothion (FNT) on blood cells, immunity, kidney, liver, reproductive system, genetic material, and other aspects are also studied. Oxidative stress has also been included as it is the main factor in pesticides. The objective of this review article is to precisely cover pesticides, mainly FNT. Keywords: Pollution, public health pests, agriculture, pesticides, organochlorine, Fenitrothion, systemic toxicity.