Estudios en la germinación y propagación in vitro de tres especies de Leguminosae: Calopogonium sp.,Stylosantes capitata Y Cassia moschata.

Abstract

Calopogonium sp., Stylosanthes capitata and Cassia moschata, are important legumes in savanna ecosystems that present limitations in their crop production, due to the dormancy of their seeds. In this investigation, we analyzed the seeds germination, in a humid chamber, and in vitro conditions in Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium. The seeds were previously subjected to scarification with ethanol (Calopogonium sp.), and immersion in sulfuric acid (C. moschata and S. capitata). In the humid chamber, the germination values were 60%, Calopogonium sp., 40%, C. moschata and 8% S. capitata. Germination in vitro, at 21 days of culture for Calopogonium sp., was 100%, for S. capitata 85% and for C. moschata 65%. To establish a massive propagation, isolated micro-cuttings of seedlings obtained by germination were cultivated in vitro. Three multiplication media consisting of MS media (1962) supplemented with benzyladenine (0.5; 1; 1.5 mg L), named MS1, MS2 and MS3, respectively, were tested. Calopogonium sp., growing in MS2 and MS3 media showed formation and multiplication of shoots. The highest value was obtained in MS3 (5 shoots / explant). C. moschata formed shoots in MS3 (1.66 shoots/explant). S. capitata formed shoots in all three media, reaching 7.5 shoots/explants in MS3 medium.