INTEGRATED APPROACH TO THE CREATION OF ECOLOGICAL EXPOSITIONS IN NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC LANDSCAPES

A. Nikolaeva, T. Sorokina
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Abstract

Ecological exposition as one of the types of landscape exposition, shows plants of certain ecological groups. As a rule, conditions are created for such plants that simulate their natural habitat. At the same time, changing the existing environmental conditions is resource-intensive, and the result obtained cannot fully repeat the natural conditions due to their multicomponent nature and being confined to a certain climatic zone. It is of interest to use the existing natural and anthropogenic conditions for the arrangement of expositions, without changing them, but using the existing resource. The authors highlight the problem of using the coastal territory along the ponds on the Kamenka River of the Main Botanical Garden named after N.V. Tsitsin of the Russian Academy of Sciences (MBG RAS). The paper defines the potential of the territory for creating ecological expositions along the shoreline of the Kamensky Ponds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, using the existing natural conditions. In the course of research, a comprehensive approach to the analysis of natural conditions and historical facts is applied. For the historical analysis, the method of combining planned materials and decoding aerial photographs was used. To describe the environmental factors, a landscape-visual survey of the territory, a combination of satellite images with modern maps, an inventory of green spaces, soil mapping, and an inventory of green spaces were performed. As a result of the research, 10 zones with different environmental conditions were identified. Since the formation of the MBG RAS in 1945, the study area has been allocated to different expositions and zones (Entrance Group, Garden of Coastal Plants and part of the Garden of Continuous Flowering), which over time have completely or partially lost their relevance or decorativeness.
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在自然和人为景观中创造生态展览的综合方法
生态博览作为景观博览的一种类型,展示一定生态类群的植物。通常,为这些植物创造的条件是模拟它们的自然栖息地。同时,改变现有的环境条件是资源密集型的,所获得的结果由于其多组分性质和局限于一定的气候带而不能完全重复自然条件。利用现有的自然和人为条件来安排博览会,不改变它们,而是利用现有的资源。作者强调了利用以俄罗斯科学院(MBG RAS)的N.V. Tsitsin命名的主要植物园(Main Botanical Garden)的Kamenka河上池塘的沿海领土的问题。论文利用现有的自然条件,定义了沿着俄罗斯科学院卡门斯基池塘海岸线创建生态博览会的领土潜力。在研究过程中,采用综合分析自然条件和历史事实的方法。在历史分析中,采用计划资料与航空照片解码相结合的方法。为了描述环境因素,对该地区进行了景观视觉调查,将卫星图像与现代地图相结合,进行了绿地清单、土壤测绘和绿地清单。研究结果确定了10个不同环境条件的区域。自1945年MBG RAS成立以来,研究区域被分配到不同的展览和区域(入口组,海岸植物花园和连续开花花园的一部分),随着时间的推移,这些区域完全或部分失去了相关性或装饰性。
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