Are mycotoxins risk factors for endemic nephropathy and associated urothelial cancers?

Archiv fur Geschwulstforschung Pub Date : 1990-01-01
M Castegnaro, I N Chernozemsky, E Hietanen, H Bartsch
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Abstract

Evidence supporting a role of mycotoxin, in particular ochratoxin A (OA) and citrinin, in the etiology of Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) and associated urinary tract tumours (UTT) is reviewed. Both diseases occur in subjects born and/or living in certain rural areas where home-produced and home-stored stable foods were found to be more frequently contaminated by the OA and citrinin. OA levels in blood and urine from patients with BEN or UTT were higher than in controls. OA and possibly other mycotoxins cause endemic porcine nephropathy, a disease with morphology and clinical course similar to those of BEN. OA was carcinogenic in two rodent species with kidney as a major target organ. Animals and strains phenotype as fast metabolizers of debrisoquine were more susceptible to OA-induced carcinogenicity. Among BEN/UTT patients, a greater proportion of fast metabolizers was reported. Although no epidemiological proof of a direct causal role of mycotoxins in BEN/UTT etiology has been presented, the data accumulated so far indicate a need for prospective studies in which mycotoxins as well as other risk factors should be considered.

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真菌毒素是地方性肾病和相关尿路上皮癌的危险因素吗?
本文综述了支持真菌毒素,特别是赭曲霉毒素a (OA)和柑橘毒素在巴尔干地方性肾病(BEN)和相关尿路肿瘤(UTT)病因学中的作用的证据。这两种疾病都发生在出生和/或生活在某些农村地区的受试者中,在这些地区,发现家庭生产和家庭储存的稳定食品更经常受到OA和柠檬酸钠的污染。BEN或UTT患者血液和尿液中的OA水平高于对照组。OA和可能的其他真菌毒素引起地方性猪肾病,该病的形态和临床过程与BEN相似。OA在两种以肾脏为主要靶器官的啮齿动物中具有致癌性。作为碎屑喹快速代谢者的动物和菌株更容易发生oa诱导的致癌性。在BEN/UTT患者中,快速代谢者的比例更高。虽然没有流行病学证据表明真菌毒素在BEN/UTT病因学中具有直接因果作用,但迄今积累的数据表明,需要进行前瞻性研究,其中应考虑真菌毒素以及其他风险因素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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