Birhan Aynalem, Himani Negi, Yigrem Alemu, Nirmala Sehrawat, Amit Kumar
{"title":"Citric acid: fermentative production using organic wastes as feedstocks","authors":"Birhan Aynalem, Himani Negi, Yigrem Alemu, Nirmala Sehrawat, Amit Kumar","doi":"10.1515/psr-2022-0158","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Citric acid is the most important organic acid produced in tonnage and is used extensively in the pharmaceutical, chemical and food industries due to its low cost and high efficiency compared to other acidulates. Citric acid is produced by fungi, bacteria and yeasts under solid-state and submerged state fermentations. Aspergillus niger is one of the most dominant producer of citric acid. Different fruit wastes and agricultural residues are employed as surplus resources for microbial production of citric acid. In this review, the microbial sources and different organic wastes involved in citric acid production have been discussed. Furthermore, the recovery, purification and application of citric acid in different human utilities have also been reviewed.","PeriodicalId":20156,"journal":{"name":"Physical Sciences Reviews","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Physical Sciences Reviews","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psr-2022-0158","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"Physics and Astronomy","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Abstract Citric acid is the most important organic acid produced in tonnage and is used extensively in the pharmaceutical, chemical and food industries due to its low cost and high efficiency compared to other acidulates. Citric acid is produced by fungi, bacteria and yeasts under solid-state and submerged state fermentations. Aspergillus niger is one of the most dominant producer of citric acid. Different fruit wastes and agricultural residues are employed as surplus resources for microbial production of citric acid. In this review, the microbial sources and different organic wastes involved in citric acid production have been discussed. Furthermore, the recovery, purification and application of citric acid in different human utilities have also been reviewed.
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