Antiparasitic activity of lipid extracts from the subantarctic macroalgae Iridea cordata against Trichomonas vaginalis

Tallyson Nogueira Barbosaa, Mara Thais de Oliveira Silvaa, Ângela Sena-Lopesa, Frederico Schmitt Kremerb, Cláudio Martin Pereira de Pereirac, Fernanda Severo Sabedra Sousad, Fabiana Kommling Seixasd, Tiago Veiras Collaresd, Sibele Borsuka
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Abstract

In this study, we demonstrate the promising antiparasitic activity of natural extracts as an alternative treatment for trichomoniasis. We evaluated the in vitro and in silico antiparasitic activity of Iridea cordata extracts, obtained in two distinct development phases: Iridea cordata tetrasporaphyte phase (IFT) and Iridea cordata cystocarp phase (IFC). To determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50), we tested five concentrations of the extracts against Trichomonas vaginalis (ATCC 30236). To gain insights into the mechanisms underlying the antiparasitic activity and possible adverse effects, the extracts were subjected to cytotoxicity assays in VERO and human vaginal epithelial (HVMII) cells, gene expression analyses, and their components’ interactions with T. vaginalis proteins were analyzed through molecular docking. In the in vitro biological assay, IFT and IFC exhibited a MIC of 600 μg/mL while showing an IC50 of 150 μg/mL and 300 μg/mL and inhibiting 80% and 97% of T. vaginalis trophozoites, respectively. Importantly, no cytotoxic effects were observed on VERO and HMVII cells for IFC and IFT at 600 μg/mL, indicating their safety. IFC and IFT induced significant differences in gene expression compared to the negative control, DMSO, and metronidazole, suggesting their potential modulation of T. vaginalis genes. Moreover, in silico analysis revealed that constituents of both extracts interacted, with significant free-binding energy, with proteins that are important for T. vaginalis survival. Overall, this study provides evidence of the antiparasitic activity of Iridea cordata extracts against T. vaginalis and supports further evaluation of its extracts as a promising treatment for trichomoniasis.
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亚南极大藻Iridea cordata脂质提取物对阴道毛滴虫的抗寄生活性
在这项研究中,我们证明了天然提取物作为滴虫病的替代治疗有希望的抗寄生虫活性。本研究评价了鸢尾四葡萄期(IFT)和鸢尾囊壳期(IFC)两个不同发育阶段鸢尾提取物的体外和体内抗寄生活性。为了确定最小抑制浓度(MIC)和50%抑制浓度(IC50),我们测试了5种浓度的提取物对阴道毛滴虫(ATCC 30236)的抑制作用。为了深入了解其抗寄生虫活性的机制和可能的不良反应,我们对提取物进行了VERO和人类阴道上皮细胞(HVMII)的细胞毒性实验,基因表达分析,并通过分子对接分析了其成分与阴道T.蛋白的相互作用。在体外生物实验中,IFT和IFC的MIC分别为600 μg/mL, IC50分别为150 μg/mL和300 μg/mL,分别抑制80%和97%的阴道T.滋养体。重要的是,600 μg/mL的IFC和IFT对VERO和HMVII细胞没有细胞毒性作用,表明它们是安全的。与阴性对照、DMSO和甲硝唑相比,IFC和IFT诱导的基因表达存在显著差异,提示它们可能调控阴道t细胞基因。此外,计算机分析显示,这两种提取物的成分与对阴道绦虫存活很重要的蛋白质相互作用,具有显著的自由结合能。总之,本研究为桔梗提取物对阴道滴虫的抗寄生活性提供了证据,并为进一步评价桔梗提取物治疗滴虫病的前景提供了依据。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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