Modern Views and Analysis of Promising Approaches to the Treatment of Melanoma

Abstract

Melanoma is a malignant tumor that can rapidly develop resistance to treatment because of its high mutational activity. The introduction of tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitors (BRAF, MEK) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen/receptor inhibitors (CTLA4, PD-1) into clinical practice has led to an increase in patient survival rates. In in vitro studies, combining PIK3 and MEK inhibitors demonstrate a pronounced reduction in tumor cell growth. The phenomenon of synthetic lethality is also promising, allowing the high mutational load of melanoma to be used as a tool for the development of more effective drugs.