Biological Control of Botryosphaeria Dieback of Grapevines in British Columbia, Canada

IF 2.2 3区 农林科学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY American Journal of Enology and Viticulture Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.5344/ajev.2023.23052
Jinxz Pollard-Flamand, Julie Boulé, Miranda Hart, José Ramón Úrbez-Torres
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Abstract

Background and goals

Botryosphaeria dieback is a grapevine trunk disease responsible for significant economic losses to grape producers worldwide. There are currently no products registered in Canada to control grapevine trunk diseases, and sustainable production has become a focus of the Canadian grape and wine industry. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to evaluate locally sourced Trichoderma spp. as biocontrol of Botryosphaeria dieback fungi in the field, to compare Trichoderma spp. against commercial products registered in other countries, and to determine optimum temperatures for conidial germination of Trichoderma spp. found in British Columbia (BC).

Methods and key findings

Detached cane assays under greenhouse conditions and field trials in a Merlot vineyard during two growing seasons assessed Trichoderma spp. from BC and commercial products as pruning wound protectants against Diplodia seriata and Neofusicoccum parvum over time. The Trichoderma-based treatments developed in this study provided pruning wound protection for up to 60 days after treatment and performed better or similarly to commercial products. Germination studies showed conidia of Trichoderma canadense germinated faster at lower temperatures than the other Trichoderma spp.

Conclusions and significance

This represents the first study evaluating locally sourced Trichoderma spp. as protection against grapevine trunk disease fungi under field conditions in Canada, and shows the potential that these endophytic isolates have as pruning wound protectants over time. This study also screened commercial products to manage grapevine trunk diseases for the first time in Canada, providing key data to support product registration. The discovery of faster conidial germination of T. canadense at lower temperatures deserves further investigation, as this species could be better adapted and thus provide more effective pruning wound protection when applied at the colder temperatures experienced in BC during the pruning season.
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加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省葡萄枯萎病的生物防治
背景与目的葡萄枯萎病是一种葡萄树干病害,给世界各地的葡萄生产者造成了重大的经济损失。目前加拿大还没有注册产品来控制葡萄树干病害,可持续生产已成为加拿大葡萄和葡萄酒行业关注的焦点。因此,本研究的目的是评价当地产木霉在田间防治枯死菌方面的作用,将木霉与其他国家注册的商业产品进行比较,并确定在不列颠哥伦比亚省发现的木霉孢子萌发的最佳温度。方法和主要发现在温室条件下的分离甘蔗试验和梅洛葡萄园两个生长季节的田间试验中,随着时间的推移,从BC和商业产品中提取的木霉作为修剪伤口的保护剂,可以防止梁双虫和小新褐虫。本研究中开发的以木霉为基础的治疗方法在治疗后可提供长达60天的修剪伤口保护,效果优于或类似于商业产品。发芽研究表明,在较低的温度下,加拿大木霉的分生孢子萌发速度比其他木霉更快。结论和意义这是第一个在加拿大田间条件下评估本地木霉对葡萄树干病真菌的保护作用的研究,并表明这些内生菌株随着时间的推移具有修剪伤口保护的潜力。本研究还首次在加拿大筛选了管理葡萄树干病害的商业产品,为支持产品注册提供了关键数据。在较低的温度下,加拿大T. canadense孢子萌发速度更快,这一发现值得进一步研究,因为该物种可以更好地适应,从而在修剪季节在卑诗省经历的较低温度下提供更有效的修剪伤口保护。
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来源期刊
American Journal of Enology and Viticulture
American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 农林科学-生物工程与应用微生物
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
10.50%
发文量
27
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: The American Journal of Enology and Viticulture (AJEV), published quarterly, is an official journal of the American Society for Enology and Viticulture (ASEV) and is the premier journal in the English language dedicated to scientific research on winemaking and grapegrowing. AJEV publishes full-length research papers, literature reviews, research notes, and technical briefs on various aspects of enology and viticulture, including wine chemistry, sensory science, process engineering, wine quality assessments, microbiology, methods development, plant pathogenesis, diseases and pests of grape, rootstock and clonal evaluation, effect of field practices, and grape genetics and breeding. All papers are peer reviewed, and authorship of papers is not limited to members of ASEV. The science editor, along with the viticulture, enology, and associate editors, are drawn from academic and research institutions worldwide and guide the content of the Journal.
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