Water Hammer Analysis in Water Pipelines and Methods for Protection

Abstract

In water processing industry, pressurised pipeline problems bring dangerous consequences, causing flooding, traffic accidents or death, financial and material losses and the disruption of the water supply. There are some problems in water pressurised pipelines system occur gradually, and some problems occur in very sudden without any warning with massive impacts and harms. Most of the sudden events that affect water system and municipal operation and maintenance centres are the phenomenon of sudden explosions and cracks in water pipes which lead to disaster. The phenomenon of water hammer is as a result of imperfect design or poor operation methods. The transition in the pressurised pipeline from one steady state to another steady state such as from a constant velocity to another velocity without a protection system make huge in pressure change. Any change in velocity leads to a pressure changes in very short time will cause to disaster strikes for the system stabilization. Professional design of liquid pipelines and proper selection of materials prevents the phenomenon of water hammer. Therefore, in this paper, the important issues on water hammer, protection systems and professional planning with special software programmes such as Allievi software was addressed.