Invasive Fungal Infection Mimicking Infarctions in a Child with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Abstract

Invasive fungal infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality after intensive chemotherapy in patients with leukemia who present with febrile neutropenia. The most common sites of involvement are the lungs, sinonasal region, and disseminated blood stream infection. Visceral organ involvement is usually seen in the form of fungal abscesses, with parenchymal infarcts being less common. We report an unusual case of invasive fungal infection presenting with extensive liver infarction, global renal infarction, and multiple brain lesions in a 4-year-old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia on induction chemotherapy.