From zero to one: Recent advances in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of vitiligo

Abstract

Vitiligo is the most common acquired pigmentary disorder and can have profound negative psychosocial impacts on patients. The disease course of vitiligo is often unpredictable, and diagnosis and treatment of vitiligo remain a challenging dermatological task. In this review, we touch on new advances in understanding vitiligo pathogenesis; discuss emerging biomarkers that may aid physicians in assessing vitiligo disease activity and severity, and summarize prospective targeted therapies in treating vitiligo. A brief outline dedicated to the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on vitiligo patients is also provided. We hope that readers may acquire a more comprehensive understanding of vitiligo and gain insights into new diagnostic tools and therapeutic options for vitiligo.