A Chemical Approach to the Selection of Soils for the Reproduction of Earth-based Mortars for Conservation Purposes: Case Report from a Brazilian Historic Site
Andrea Cavicchioli, Guillermo Rolón, Marianne Odlyha
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引用次数: 1
Abstract
ABSTRACT Earthen buildings frequently demand the use of protective renders and plasters that should be, in several aspects, compatible with the underlying structures. To this end, earth-based mortars have traditionally been used and are common in historic houses. Their periodic replacement or repair is inevitable and intrinsic with their naturally sacrificial role, but restorations are also expected to follow suitability criteria, as well as minimum performance standards. In this paper, an approach to the reproduction of wall-finishes close to the original formulations found on historic buildings is proposed and described using the case study of a historic site in Brazil. The problem was addressed using the elemental composition data of a set of original mortars and a bank of local soils that were treated by multivariate statistical analysis. The final restoration mortars, that were obtained also by adjusting their granulometric profile by means of the mixture of sand, exhibited satisfactory performance in terms of adhesive strength and water absorption, as well as of resistance to water erosion when stabilized with lime.
期刊介绍：
International Journal of Architectural Heritage provides a multidisciplinary scientific overview of existing resources and modern technologies useful for the study and repair of historical buildings and other structures. The journal will include information on history, methodology, materials, survey, inspection, non-destructive testing, analysis, diagnosis, remedial measures, and strengthening techniques.
Preservation of the architectural heritage is considered a fundamental issue in the life of modern societies. In addition to their historical interest, cultural heritage buildings are valuable because they contribute significantly to the economy by providing key attractions in a context where tourism and leisure are major industries in the 3rd millennium. The need of preserving historical constructions is thus not only a cultural requirement, but also an economical and developmental demand.
The study of historical buildings and other structures must be undertaken from an approach based on the use of modern technologies and science. The final aim must be to select and adequately manage the possible technical means needed to attain the required understanding of the morphology and the structural behavior of the construction and to characterize its repair needs. Modern requirements for an intervention include reversibility, unobtrusiveness, minimum repair, and respect of the original construction, as well as the obvious functional and structural requirements. Restoration operations complying with these principles require a scientific, multidisciplinary approach that comprehends historical understanding, modern non-destructive inspection techniques, and advanced experimental and computer methods of analysis.
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