Intestinal parasite infections among internal war refugees and inhabitants of the Ternopil region, Western Ukraine.

IF 1.6 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH International Maritime Health Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.5603/imh.97560
Krzysztof Korzeniewski, Mariia Shkilna, Wanesa Richert, Stepan Zaporozhan, Mariana Huk, Oksana Shevchuk, Mykhailo Korda
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Abstract

Background: The armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine resulted in the destruction of the country's infrastructure and a decline in the standard of living for many citizens (e.g. shortages of electricity and safe drinking water, limited access to healthcare, living in unsuitable cold basements). A lot of Ukrainians living in the eastern, southern and central parts of the country were forced to flee their homes. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of intestinal parasite infections among internal war refugees and residents of Ternopil, a city in Western Ukraine, in response to the worsening of the epidemiological situation in the country.

Materials and methods: Parasitological diagnostics was carried out in June 2023 and involved 127 adult Ukrainian citizens aged 19-80 years old, including 80 internal war refugees (most of the participants came from Donetsk, Luhansk, Dnipro, Kherson regions) and 47 residents of Ternopil region, Western Ukraine. Surveys and parasitological examination of stool samples by three different light microscopy testing methods (direct smear, decantation, flotation) were performed. The samples were then tested for the presence of Giardia intestinalis intestinal protozoa by molecular tests (reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR]) and immunochromatographic rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs).

Results: All RT-PCR and RDT tests to detect Giardia intestinalis were found to be negative. The examination of faecal samples taken from 127 patients showed no infections with nematodes, cestodes or trematodes. The examinations only revealed infections with potentially pathogenic Blastocystis spp.: 18/80 infections in the population of internal war refugees (22.5%) and 7/47 infections among residents of the Ternopil region (14.9%). Survey results demonstrated frequent use of antibiotics and antiparasitic drugs without physician advise or prescription: 43.9% of the study participants (n = 127) were taking antibiotics, and 25.2% were taking antiparasitic drugs during the period of 3 months prior to the study.

Conclusions: An absence of intestinal parasite pathogens was detected in the studied population. The authors may explain it by the fact, that many Ukrainian patients have unlimited access to antimicrobial drugs (drugs sold without a valid prescription and taken without consultation with a physician), which could have contributed to the low incidence of intestinal parasite infections.

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乌克兰西部捷尔诺波尔地区国内战争难民和居民的肠道寄生虫感染情况。
背景:俄罗斯联邦对乌克兰的武装侵略导致该国基础设施遭到破坏,许多公民的生活水平下降(例如,电力和安全饮用水短缺、医疗服务有限、居住在不适宜的寒冷地下室)。许多居住在该国东部、南部和中部地区的乌克兰人被迫逃离家园。本研究旨在评估乌克兰西部城市捷尔诺波尔的国内战争难民和居民的肠道寄生虫感染率,以应对该国日益恶化的流行病形势:寄生虫学诊断于 2023 年 6 月进行,涉及 127 名年龄在 19-80 岁之间的乌克兰成年公民,其中包括 80 名国内战争难民(大部分参与者来自顿涅茨克州、卢甘斯克州、第聂伯罗州和赫尔松州)和 47 名乌克兰西部捷尔诺皮尔州的居民。通过三种不同的光镜检测方法(直接涂片、倾析、浮选)对粪便样本进行了调查和寄生虫学检测。然后通过分子检测(反转录聚合酶链反应 [RT-PCR])和免疫层析快速诊断检测(RDTs)检测样本中是否存在贾第虫肠道原虫:所有检测肠贾第虫的 RT-PCR 和 RDT 检测结果均为阴性。127 名患者的粪便样本检查结果显示,没有线虫、绦虫或吸虫感染。检查只发现了可能致病的布氏囊虫感染:国内战争难民中有 18/80 例感染(22.5%),捷尔诺波尔地区居民中有 7/47 例感染(14.9%)。调查结果显示,在没有医生建议或处方的情况下,经常使用抗生素和抗寄生虫药物:43.9% 的研究参与者(n = 127)在研究前 3 个月内服用抗生素,25.2% 的研究参与者在研究前 3 个月内服用抗寄生虫药物:结论:在研究人群中未发现肠道寄生虫病原体。作者对此的解释是,许多乌克兰病人可以不受限制地获得抗菌药物(无有效处方出售的药物,也可在未咨询医生的情况下服用),这可能是肠道寄生虫感染发病率低的原因之一。
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来源期刊
International Maritime Health
International Maritime Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
13.60%
发文量
37
审稿时长
20 weeks
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