Estimating Circular Economic Potential of Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste in Small City

Abstract

The current waste management paradigm leads to a circular economic approach. To implement it, it is necessary to know the potential for resource recovery from waste, including organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). This research aims to investigate the potential for resource recovery from OFMSW generated in Buleleng Regency, Bali Province, Indonesia. Five technologies were assessed for their potential to transform OFMSW into resources, namely anaerobic decomposition (AD), densification and drying to produce solid fuel, composting, processing with black soldier fly (BSF), and processing for eco-enzymes production. The potential for resource recovery is estimated using a simple linear relationship mathematical model using data available from the literature and secondary data of waste generation in Buleleng Regency. The study estimated 37,489.08 tons OFMSW is generated in Buleleng in 2023. The estimate shows that revenue potential from densification and drying about 9,336 million IDR, followe by composting about 2,471 million IDR, anaerobic digestion about 1,939 million IDR, BSF about 145 million IDR, and eco-enzyme about 13 million IDR. Finally, by estimating the quantity of resources available in OFMSW and their potential market value, it can be taken into consideration in planning and managing the circularity of OFMSW.