Long–term (25 years) continuous cotton cropping combined with residue incorporation affects the fungal communities in reclaimed saline soil

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q3 ECOLOGY Pedobiologia Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI:10.1016/j.pedobi.2023.150928

Hong Chen , Lei Yang , Bede S. Mickan , Zaixin Li , Fenghua Zhang

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Abstract

Soil fungi are essential in the degradation of crop residues in natural systems. However, how long–term continuous cropping combined with residue incorporation (CCRI) affects the fungal communities in reclaimed saline soils is still unclear. In this study, CCRI was implemented in a reclaimed salinized farmland for 0 (control group), 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 years to explore the effects on soil properties and fungal communities. The results showed that CCRI reduced soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and available potassium (AK) by 2.6–8.3%, 24.0–71.4%, and 9.1–59.4%, respectively, and increased soil organ carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP), and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) by 36.0–117.2%, 84.2–173.4%, 18.5–344.8%, and 16.0–206.8%, respectively, compared with the control group (0–yr treatment). CCRI increased soil fungal species richness, but this effect decreased after 15–yr CCRI treatment; Ascomycota had the highest relative abundance (75.8–90.9%) in the CCRI soils. CCRI treatments significantly reduced the relative abundance of symbiotroph, saprotroph, and pathotroph; Especially, the relative abundance of plant pathogen fungi was significantly reduced by (25.5–36.7%), and that of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was significantly increased (0.01–0.07%), compared with the control group. Besides, the main soil properties affecting soil fungal community were pH and AK. Overall, the 10 – 15 years CCRI treatment was most beneficial for soil nutrient accumulation and maintaining the richness and diversity of fungal communities. However, it also decreased the abundance of some beneficial fungi and increased soil pathogenic fungi. Therefore, the duration of CCRI can not exceed 15 years, and attention can be paid to maintaining the stability of soil fungal community by regulating soil pH and AK content to reduce the negative impact of long term CCRI. This study will have important guiding significance for soil health improvement in arid areas.

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长期（25 年）连续种植棉花与掺入残留物相结合影响盐碱地开垦后的真菌群落

在自然系统中，土壤真菌对作物残留物的降解至关重要。然而，长期连作与掺入残留物（CCRI）如何影响盐碱化土壤中的真菌群落仍不清楚。在这项研究中，研究人员在盐碱化农田开垦区分别实施了 0 年（对照组）、5 年、10 年、15 年、20 年和 25 年的 CCRI，以探讨其对土壤特性和真菌群落的影响。结果表明，CCRI 使土壤 pH 值、导电率 (EC) 和可利用钾 (AK) 分别降低了 2.6% - 8.3%、24.0% - 71.4% 和 9.1% - 59.与对照组（0 年处理）相比，土壤有机碳 (SOC)、全氮 (TN)、可利用磷 (AP) 和微生物生物量碳 (MBC) 分别增加了 36.0% - 117.2%、84.2% - 173.4%、18.5% - 344.8% 和 16.0% - 206.8%。CCRI 增加了土壤真菌物种的丰富度，但这种影响在 CCRI 处理 15 年后有所减弱；在 CCRI 土壤中，子囊菌属的相对丰富度最高（75.8% - 90.9%）。与对照组相比，CCRI处理显著降低了共生真菌、嗜渍真菌和病原真菌的相对丰度，尤其是植物病原真菌的相对丰度显著降低（25.5% - 36.7%），而丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）的相对丰度显著增加（0.01% - 0.07%）。此外，影响土壤真菌群落的主要土壤特性是 pH 值和 AK 值。总体而言，10 - 15 年的 CCRI 处理对土壤养分积累和保持真菌群落的丰富性和多样性最为有利。但是，它也降低了一些有益真菌的数量，增加了土壤致病真菌的数量。因此，CCRI 的持续时间不能超过 15 年，并注意通过调节土壤 pH 值和 AK 含量来维持土壤真菌群落的稳定，以减少长期 CCRI 的负面影响。该研究将对干旱地区土壤健康改良具有重要的指导意义。

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来源期刊

Pedobiologia 环境科学-生态学

CiteScore

4.20

自引率

8.70%

发文量

审稿时长

64 days

期刊介绍： Pedobiologia publishes peer reviewed articles describing original work in the field of soil ecology, which includes the study of soil organisms and their interactions with factors in their biotic and abiotic environments. Analysis of biological structures, interactions, functions, and processes in soil is fundamental for understanding the dynamical nature of terrestrial ecosystems, a prerequisite for appropriate soil management. The scope of this journal consists of fundamental and applied aspects of soil ecology; key focal points include interactions among organisms in soil, organismal controls on soil processes, causes and consequences of soil biodiversity, and aboveground-belowground interactions. We publish: original research that tests clearly defined hypotheses addressing topics of current interest in soil ecology (including studies demonstrating nonsignificant effects); descriptions of novel methodological approaches, or evaluations of current approaches, that address a clear need in soil ecology research; innovative syntheses of the soil ecology literature, including metaanalyses, topical in depth reviews and short opinion/perspective pieces, and descriptions of original conceptual frameworks; and short notes reporting novel observations of ecological significance.