Contribution of internal noise and calculation efficiency to face discrimination deficits in older adults

IF 1.5 4区心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES Vision Research Pub Date : 2024-01-04 DOI:10.1016/j.visres.2023.108348

Sarah E. Creighton , Patrick J. Bennett , Allison B. Sekuler

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Abstract

Classification images (CIs) measured in a face discrimination task differ significantly between older and younger observers. These age differences are consistent with the hypothesis that older adults sample diagnostic face information less efficiently, or have higher levels of internal noise, compared to younger adults. The current experiments assessed the relative contributions of efficiency and internal noise to age differences in face discrimination using the external noise masking and double-pass response consistency paradigms. Experiment 1 measured discrimination thresholds for faces embedded in several levels of static white noise, and the resulting threshold-vs.-noise curves were used to estimate calculation efficiency and equivalent input noise: older observers had lower efficiency and higher equivalent input noise than younger observers. Experiment 2 presented observers with two identical sequences of faces embedded in static white noise to measure the association between response accuracy and response consistency and estimate the internal:external (i/e) noise ratio for each observer. We found that i/e noise ratios did not differ significantly between groups. These results suggest that age differences in face discrimination are due to differences in calculation efficiency and additive internal noise, but not to age differences in multiplicative internal noise.

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内部噪声和计算效率对老年人面部辨别能力缺陷的影响

在人脸辨别任务中测量的分类图像（CIs）在老年观察者和年轻观察者之间存在显著差异。这些年龄差异与以下假设相符：与年轻人相比，老年人对诊断性人脸信息的采样效率较低，或者内部噪声水平较高。目前的实验采用外部噪声掩蔽和双通道反应一致性范式，评估了效率和内部噪声对人脸辨别年龄差异的相对贡献。实验一测量了嵌入在几级静态白噪声中的人脸的辨别阈值，得出的阈值-噪声曲线用于估算计算效率和等效输入噪声：与年轻观察者相比，老年观察者的计算效率较低，等效输入噪声较高。实验 2 向观察者展示了嵌入静态白噪声的两个完全相同的人脸序列，以测量反应准确性和反应一致性之间的关联，并估算出每个观察者的内部/外部（i/e）噪声比。我们发现，i/e 噪声比在不同组之间没有显著差异。这些结果表明，人脸辨别力的年龄差异是由于计算效率和加性内部噪声的差异造成的，而不是由于乘性内部噪声的年龄差异造成的。

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来源期刊

Vision Research 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

3.70

自引率

16.70%

发文量

111

审稿时长

66 days

期刊介绍： Vision Research is a journal devoted to the functional aspects of human, vertebrate and invertebrate vision and publishes experimental and observational studies, reviews, and theoretical and computational analyses. Vision Research also publishes clinical studies relevant to normal visual function and basic research relevant to visual dysfunction or its clinical investigation. Functional aspects of vision is interpreted broadly, ranging from molecular and cellular function to perception and behavior. Detailed descriptions are encouraged but enough introductory background should be included for non-specialists. Theoretical and computational papers should give a sense of order to the facts or point to new verifiable observations. Papers dealing with questions in the history of vision science should stress the development of ideas in the field.