Morphology of the pygidial glands and chemical composition of their secretions in two species of tiger beetles (Carabidae: Cicindelinae)

IF 1.6 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY Zoology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.zool.2024.126142

Sofija Vranić , Nikola Vesović , Lana Antonijević , Aleksandar Vlajić , Marina Todosijević , Danica Pavlović , Dejan Pantelić , Srećko Ćurčić , Ljubodrag Vujisić

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Abstract

Pygidial glands are a common feature of all adephagans and their products play an important role in defense against predators. The morphology of the pygidial glands and the chemistry of their secretion were studied for the first time in two species of tiger beetles – Cicindela (Cicindela) sylvicola Dejean, 1822 and Cylindera (Cylindera) germanica (Linnaeus, 1758). The glands were examined by both bright-field microscopy and nonlinear microscopy. All morphological structures of the glands were measured and described in detail. The structures mentioned were compared with those of related taxa. The secretion extracts from the pygidial glands of the investigated taxa contained a total of 24 compounds, which were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The secretion mixture of C. (C.) germanica was more complex (21 chemicals) than that of C. (C.) sylvicola (11 ones). Benzaldehyde was present in both secretion samples. Hydrocarbons were the most abundant group of secretory compounds. The purpose of the compounds, their distribution within the subfamily Cicindelinae and their effects on the ecology of the group were discussed.

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两种虎甲虫（Carabidae: Cicindelinae）鞘腺的形态及其分泌物的化学成分

鞘状腺是所有甲虫的共同特征，其分泌物在抵御天敌方面发挥着重要作用。我们首次研究了两种虎甲虫--Cicindela (Cicindela) sylvicola Dejean, 1822 和 Cylindera (Cylindera) germanica (Linnaeus, 1758)--的鞘腺形态及其分泌物的化学成分。这些腺体通过明视野显微镜和非线性显微镜进行了检查。对腺体的所有形态结构都进行了测量和详细描述。所提到的结构与相关类群的结构进行了比较。从被调查类群的侏儒睑板腺中提取的分泌物共含有 24 种化合物，并通过气相色谱-质谱法（GC-MS）进行了检测。与西维柯拉（C. sylvicola）的分泌物混合物（11 种）相比，德国西维柯拉（C. germanica）的分泌物混合物更为复杂（21 种化学物质）。两种分泌物样本中都含有苯甲醛。碳氢化合物是分泌物中含量最高的一类。本文讨论了这些化合物的用途、在蝉亚科中的分布以及它们对蝉亚科生态的影响。

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来源期刊

Zoology 生物-动物学

CiteScore

3.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

70 days

期刊介绍： Zoology is a journal devoted to experimental and comparative animal science. It presents a common forum for all scientists who take an explicitly organism oriented and integrative approach to the study of animal form, function, development and evolution. The journal invites papers that take a comparative or experimental approach to behavior and neurobiology, functional morphology, evolution and development, ecological physiology, and cell biology. Due to the increasing realization that animals exist only within a partnership with symbionts, Zoology encourages submissions of papers focused on the analysis of holobionts or metaorganisms as associations of the macroscopic host in synergistic interdependence with numerous microbial and eukaryotic species. The editors and the editorial board are committed to presenting science at its best. The editorial team is regularly adjusting editorial practice to the ever changing field of animal biology.