Direct Formation of ZIF-8 Crystal Thin Films on the Surface of a Zinc Ion-Doped Polymer Substrate

Abstract

Thin films of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) on polymer substrates and MOF/polymer mixed-matrix membranes play crucial roles in advancing the field of gas separation membranes. In this paper, we present a novel method for the direct formation of continuous ZIF-8 crystal films on a polymer substrate doped with Zn²+. Our approach involves ion exchange between the doped zinc ions within the substrate and sodium ions in the presence of a CH3COONa additive, as well as interfacial complexation with eluted zinc ions and 2-methylimidazole (2-MeIM). The key factors affecting the formation of ZIF-8 crystals on the substrate were the concentrations of CH3COONa and 2-MeIM. A time-course analysis revealed that the nucleation rate during the early stages of the reaction significantly affected the surface morphology of the resulting ZIF-8 crystal films. Specifically, a higher nucleation rate led to the formation of continuous small ZIF-8 crystal films. This innovative approach enables the fabrication of densely packed, uniform ZIF-8 crystal films.