Tendency to Consume Anabolic Steroids and Body-Building Supplements in the General Population: An Ecological Study

Mohammadreza Rabiee, M. Mousavi
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Abstract

Background: Anabolic steroids and bodybuilding supplements are products that are readily available in the market and are increasingly being used by young people and athletes. This trend has become a social issue worldwide. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine and determine the changes in the prevalence and trends of anabolic steroid usage in Iran. Methods: This ecological study utilized the Google Trends database as its primary source. Initially, we searched for specific keywords related to "anabolic steroids (AS)", "Body-building supplements (BBS)", and "COVID-19" among all searches conducted using GTs from January 2017 to December 2022. Subsequently, Spearman's correlation coefficient was employed to assess the association between the keywords "AS" and "BBS" with the term "COVID-19" during various years. Results: The preference for consuming protein (58.19 ± 15.24) was highest among BBS, while recovery (12.14 ± 17.09) was the lowest. In the case of AS, the highest search frequency was related to Testosterone (56.64 ± 9.57), while the lowest was related to Primobolan (13.72 ± 8.21). In early 2020, we observed a significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the inclination to use BBS and AS, leading to a substantial decrease in willingness to use. However, we did not observe a statistically significant correlation between keyword searches for COVID-19 and AS & BBS. Conclusions: The trend of AS and BBS usage in Iran is on the rise. The indiscriminate use of supplements is a cause for concern and calls for educational interventions.
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普通人群服用合成代谢类固醇和健美补充剂的倾向:生态学研究
背景:同化类固醇和健美补充剂是市场上随处可见的产品,越来越多的年轻人和运动员使用这些产品。这一趋势已成为全球范围内的一个社会问题。研究目的本研究的目的是检查和确定伊朗合成类固醇使用流行率的变化和趋势。研究方法:这项生态研究以 Google Trends 数据库为主要来源。首先,我们在 2017 年 1 月至 2022 年 12 月使用 GTs 进行的所有搜索中搜索了与 "合成类固醇(AS)"、"健美补充剂(BBS)"和 "COVID-19 "相关的特定关键词。随后,采用斯皮尔曼相关系数评估了不同年份中关键词 "AS "和 "BBS "与术语 "COVID-19 "之间的关联。结果显示BBS 最喜欢摄入蛋白质(58.19 ± 15.24),而恢复期(12.14 ± 17.09)最低。就强直性脊柱炎而言,搜索频率最高的是睾酮(56.64 ± 9.57),最低的是普里莫博兰(13.72 ± 8.21)。2020 年初,我们观察到 COVID-19 大流行对使用 BBS 和 AS 的倾向产生了重大影响,导致使用意愿大幅下降。然而,我们并没有观察到 COVID-19 与 AS 和 BBS 的关键词搜索之间存在统计学意义上的显著相关性。结论:在伊朗,AS 和 BBS 的使用呈上升趋势。滥用补充剂令人担忧,需要采取教育干预措施。
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