Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of the plant extracts Andrographis paniculata against selected microbes

Abstract

Background: Andrographis paniculata is a medicinal plant with a long history of traditional use in various herbal medicine systems. Objective: This study aims to conduct aphytochemical screening and antibacterial activity from leaf, stem and root parts of Andrographis paniculata. Methods: The preliminary screening was done by cold maceration technique using chloroform, butanol, methanol, ethanol and aqueous solvents. This phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols, tannins and saponins. Antibacterial activity was performed by using well diffusion method from leaf, stem and root butanolic extracts of A. paniculata. Results: Glycosides are abundantly present in leaf, stem and root explant extracts. Whereas, alkaloids and flavonoids are moderately present in leaf, stem and root explant extracts and followed by less presence of tannins, phenols and saponins. The maximum zone of bacterial inhibition was observed in leaf butanolic extracts against of the E.Coli, for stem butanolic extract against of B. subtilis and for root butanolic extract against B. sphaericus. Conclusion: This study revealed the potential photochemical constituents and antibacterial activity in A.Paniculata. The presence of these bioactive substances they use in treatment.