Leprosy in children under fifteen years of age in the most hyperendemic municipality in Brazil

IF 1.4 Q3 PEDIATRICS Revista Paulista De Pediatria Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI:10.1590/1984-0462/2024/42/2023022
Ricardo Milhomem Costa, Marcela Silva Menezes, Maria Sortênia Alves Guimarães, Eliane Patrícia Pereira Franchi, L. Monteiro, Mariana Caroline Tocantins Alvim
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Abstract

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe leprosy involvement and physical disability profiles in children and adolescents under 15 years old. Methods: Ecological time series study, based on data from the Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Information System, including new cases of leprosy residing in Palmas (TO), from 2001 to 2020. Results: A total of 471 notified cases in children and adolescents under 15 years of age were evaluated, resulting in a detection coefficient of 26.5 per 100,000 inhabitants. Of these, 52% (n=243) were women, 5% (n=24) corresponded to grade two disability, and 36% (n=168) were diagnosed through spontaneous demand. The temporal trend analysis showed a 0.5% reduction in the detection coefficient. There was a significant decrease in the diagnosis of the undetermined and tuberculoid clinical forms and a significant increase in the dimorphous form. Diagnosis through contact examination increased significantly by 13.1% and that through spontaneous demand decreased by 4.9%. The detection coefficient of cases with grade two disability reduced significantly by 7.4% while those with grade one increased by 16.8%. Conclusions: Despite the downward trend in the detection coefficient in children and adolescents under 15 years of age and in cases with grade two disability, other factors indicate failure in the adequate management of leprosy in Palmas.
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巴西麻风病流行最严重的城市中 15 岁以下儿童的麻风病情况
摘要 目的描述 15 岁以下儿童和青少年的麻风病累及情况和身体残疾情况。研究方法:生态时间序列研究,基于巴西应报告疾病信息系统(Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Information System)的数据,包括2001年至2020年居住在帕尔马斯(Palmas)的麻风病新病例。研究结果共评估了471例15岁以下儿童和青少年的申报病例,发现系数为每10万居民26.5例。其中,52%(n=243)为女性,5%(n=24)为二级残疾,36%(n=168)通过自发需求确诊。时间趋势分析显示,检测系数降低了 0.5%。未确定型和结核型临床诊断率明显下降,二形诊断率明显上升。通过接触性检查确诊的病例大幅增加了 13.1%,而通过自发需求确诊的病例减少了 4.9%。二级残疾病例的检出系数大幅下降了 7.4%,而一级残疾病例的检出系数则上升了 16.8%。结论:尽管15岁以下儿童和青少年以及二级残疾病例的检出系数呈下降趋势,但其他因素表明帕尔马斯麻风病的适当管理是失败的。
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来源期刊
Revista Paulista De Pediatria
Revista Paulista De Pediatria Medicine-Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
100
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊介绍: The Revista Paulista de Pediatria publishes original contributions, case reports and review of clinical research with methodological approach in the areas of health and disease of neonates, infants, children and adolescents. The objective is to disseminate research with methodological quality on issues that comprise the health of children and adolescents. All articles are freely available online, via SciELO. Its abbreviated title is Rev. Paul. Pediatr., which should be used in bibliographies, footnotes and bibliographical references and strips.
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