Supraventricular Tachycardia: Experience of the Sheikh Khalifa Hospital

Abstract

Introduction: Supraventricular tachycardias represent a fairly common condition, often encountered in emergencies but which remains underestimated due to the rarity of seizures or their atypical manifestations. Methods: We report the results of a retrospective and descriptive single-center study of 32 cases of supraventricular tachycardia carried out in the cardiology department of the Cheikh Khalifa University Hospital over a period of 2 years: from January 2020 to January 2022.We studied in this work the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical and therapeutic characteristics of these tachycardias. The results of our series are compared with those of the literature. Results: The age of the patients varies between 27 and 80 years with an average age of 58.1 years with a sex ratio M/F=1.6. All patients were symptomatic with the presence of palpitations in 87.5% of cases accompanied by dyspnea in 40.62% of cases, Chest pain and lipothymia were present in 15.62% and Syncope was found in 2 patients 6.25% of cases. Endocavitary electrophysiological exploration has proven to be important in defining the mechanism of these tachycardias, in this case tachycardias with one-to-one conduction; In our series, it confirmed the presence of a typical atrial flutter in 53% of cases, and objectified tachycardia by intranodal reentry in 28.12% of cases and less frequently reentry by accessory route, identified in 18.75% of cases. In this series, radiofrequency represents the energy most used in the management of these supraventricular tachycardias. Conclusion: Conventional fluoroscopy was the most widely used given the typical nature of these SVTs (84.6% of cases) while three-dimensional mapping was only used in 12.5% of patients who were admitted for recurrences. The low risk of complications and the high success rates revealed in our series make ablation a reference treatment, which has made it possible to change the prognosis of supraventricular tachycardias.