Mixed Aspergillosis and Mucormycosis Infections in Patients with COVID-19: Case Series and Literature Review.

IF 3.6 3区生物学 Q2 MYCOLOGY Mycopathologia Pub Date : 2024-01-17 DOI:10.1007/s11046-023-00808-z

Elahe Sasani, Farzad Pakdel, Sadegh Khodavaisy, Mohammadreza Salehi, Amir Salami, Marjan Sohrabi, Pouyan Aminishakiba, Iman Amirafzali, Arezoo Salami Khaneshan

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Abstract

Background: Mucormycosis and aspergillosis are angioinvasive infections mainly occurring in immunocompromised patients. However, mixed infection with mucormycosis and aspergillosis in post-COVID-19 patients is rare. In this report, we will report four cases and comprehensively review the published literature on COVID-19 associated mixed infection of aspergillosis and mucormycosis.

Method: Besides four of our cases, we searched for published articles using PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from the beginning of 2020 until October 2023.

Result: During the COVID-19 pandemic, we analyzed 52 cases (4 from our research and 48 from other studies). The most common underlying disease (59.6%) was diabetes mellitus. However, 19.2% of COVID-19 patients had no underlying condition. Interestingly, rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis featured prominently in India and Iran, while other countries primarily reported a higher prevalence of pulmonary cases.

Conclusion: In conclusion, this study highlights the presence of mixed aspergillosis and mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients who previously had common underlying diseases or even a healthy immune system. Therefore, managing COVID-19 patients should involve screening serum and respiratory samples using biomarkers to detect superinfections.

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COVID-19 患者的曲霉菌病和粘孢子菌病混合感染：病例系列和文献综述

背景：粘孢子菌病和曲霉菌病是血管侵袭性感染，主要发生在免疫力低下的患者身上。然而，COVID-19 后患者出现粘孢子菌病和曲霉菌病混合感染的情况并不多见。在本报告中，我们将报告四例病例，并全面回顾已发表的有关 COVID-19 相关曲霉菌病和粘孢子菌病混合感染的文献：除四例病例外，我们还使用 PubMed/MEDLINE、Scopus 和 Web of Science 数据库检索了自 2020 年初至 2023 年 10 月发表的文章：结果：在 COVID-19 大流行期间，我们分析了 52 例病例（4 例来自我们的研究，48 例来自其他研究）。最常见的基础疾病（59.6%）是糖尿病。然而，19.2% 的 COVID-19 患者没有基础疾病。有趣的是，印度和伊朗的鼻眶脑粘液瘤病发病率较高，而其他国家主要报告的是肺部病例：总之，本研究强调了 COVID-19 患者中曲霉菌病和粘孢子菌病混合感染的情况，而这些患者之前患有常见的基础疾病，甚至免疫系统健康。因此，在管理 COVID-19 患者时，应使用生物标记物筛查血清和呼吸道样本，以检测超级感染。

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来源期刊

Mycopathologia 生物-真菌学

CiteScore

6.80

自引率

3.60%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Mycopathologia is an official journal of the International Union of Microbiological Societies (IUMS). Mycopathologia was founded in 1938 with the mission to ‘diffuse the understanding of fungal diseases in man and animals among mycologists’. Many of the milestones discoveries in the field of medical mycology have been communicated through the pages of this journal. Mycopathologia covers a diverse, interdisciplinary range of topics that is unique in breadth and depth. The journal publishes peer-reviewed, original articles highlighting important developments concerning medically important fungi and fungal diseases. The journal highlights important developments in fungal systematics and taxonomy, laboratory diagnosis of fungal infections, antifungal drugs, clinical presentation and treatment, and epidemiology of fungal diseases globally. Timely opinion articles, mini-reviews, and other communications are usually invited at the discretion of the editorial board. Unique case reports highlighting unprecedented progress in the diagnosis and treatment of fungal infections, are published in every issue of the journal. MycopathologiaIMAGE is another regular feature for a brief clinical report of potential interest to a mixed audience of physicians and laboratory scientists. MycopathologiaGENOME is designed for the rapid publication of new genomes of human and animal pathogenic fungi using a checklist-based, standardized format.