Worldwide potential insect vectors of Xylella fastidiosa and assessment of their importance with a focus on Morocco

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Hellenic Plant Protection Journal Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI:10.2478/hppj-2024-0001
N. Haddad, M.C. Smaili, M. Afechtal, V. Cavalieri, R. Benkirane, K. El Handi, R. Abou Kubaa
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Abstract

In Morocco, the climate conditions are favorable for the establishment and the spread of Xylella fastidiosa (X.f). However, the successful establishment of the bacterium depends on many factors; mainly: bacterial subspecies and sequence type, host plants susceptibility, feeding behavior and transmission efficiency of the insect vectors. Knowledge of the relationship between the bacterium–affected crop agro-ecosystem and potential insect vectors is of crucial importance. In this work, we list the tritrophic interaction X.f-host plants-insect vectors that occur worldwide in order to apply it to the current situation in Morocco and for risk analysis on the bacterium in the country. Two most relevant X.f subspecies of the bacterium (in terms of impact on crops) were considered, namely, subsp. fastidiosa and subsp. pauca. Based on the international literature and public databases, the majority of the X.f-insect vectors are comprised in two families: Cicadellidae and Aphrophoridae. Among all cicadellid species recorded, a high number had the capacity to transmit X.f to hosts in America while this ability is null for other regions (except Graphocephala versuta Say (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) recorded in Algeria). In Morocco, none of the cicadellid genera reported worldwide as vectors of X.f, have been so far reported, whereas many species of spittlebugs and leafhoppers are present. Philaenus tesselatus Melichar (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae) is highly abundant in Morocco and could play a role as potential vector in case the bacterium is introduced in the country. With regard to the X.f hosts, citrus, olive, almond and grapevine, forest agroecosystems and oleander are considered the main susceptible species present in Morocco.
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全球潜在的木霉菌昆虫载体及其重要性评估,重点是摩洛哥
摩洛哥的气候条件有利于 Xylella fastidiosa(X.f)的建立和传播。然而,该细菌的成功建立取决于许多因素,主要有:细菌亚种和序列类型、寄主植物的易感性、昆虫媒介的取食行为和传播效率。了解受细菌影响的作物农业生态系统与潜在昆虫媒介之间的关系至关重要。在这项工作中,我们列出了世界各地出现的 X.f - 寄主植物 - 昆虫媒介的三营养交互作用,以便将其应用于摩洛哥的现状和该国的细菌风险分析。研究考虑了两种最相关的 X.f 亚种(对作物的影响),即 fastidiosa 亚种和 pauca 亚种。根据国际文献和公共数据库,X.f-昆虫媒介大多由两个科组成:蝉科(Cicadellidae)和蚜科(Aphrophoridae)。在记录的所有蝉科昆虫中,美洲有大量昆虫具有向宿主传播 X.f 的能力,而其他地区则没有这种能力(阿尔及利亚记录的 Graphocephala versuta Say(半翅目:蝉科)除外)。在摩洛哥,迄今为止还没有发现世界范围内报告的作为 X.f 传播媒介的蝉属,但有许多种唾蚜和叶蝉。Philaenus tesselatus Melichar(半翅目:蚜蝇科)在摩洛哥的数量很多,如果该细菌传入摩洛哥,它可能会成为潜在的病媒。关于 X.f. 的宿主,柑橘、橄榄、杏仁和葡萄树、森林农业生态系统和夹竹桃被认为是摩洛哥的主要易感物种。
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来源期刊
Hellenic Plant Protection Journal
Hellenic Plant Protection Journal Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agronomy and Crop Science
CiteScore
1.50
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