Control sobre factores de riesgo, intervención sobre estilos de vida, y medicación prescrita en una cohorte de pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica

Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.semerg.2023.102175

C. de Santiago González , J. Ciudad Martín , M.M. García Alonso

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Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study was to analyze the recommended prevention measures in our health area for patients discharged after a myocardial infarction.

Methods

This was a retrospective descriptive study that selected patients with acute coronary syndrome in our health area in the previous calendar year. Control of the risk factors observed at the time of the coronary event and at 1 year and medication prescribed 1 year after the episode were studied. Variables including age, sex, control of dyslipidemia, hypertension or diabetes mellitus, adherence to treatment and lifestyle habits were analyzed.

Results

Risk factor control was insufficient and sometimes even unassessed at the time of infarction. Although a slight improvement was perceived, control remained insufficient 1 year later. Moreover, patients, particularly women, were undertreated: one fifth (20%) more men were receiving appropriate treatment than women year after the myocardial event.

Conclusions

An additional effort must be made compared to what is currently being done, both by specialists in Hospital Care and Primary Care, to carry out good control of risk factors, meaning the control of certain diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure or dyslipidemia, as well as habits or lifestyles that increase the probability of suffering a cardiovascular event. Furthermore, it is important to avoid these cardiovascular diseases and their relapse to reinforce adherence to the prescribed treatments.

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[缺血性心脏病患者队列中的危险因素控制、生活方式干预和处方药]。

研究目的本研究旨在分析本卫生保健区针对心肌梗死出院患者推荐的预防措施：这是一项回顾性描述性研究，选取了上一日历年度在本卫生保健区的急性冠状动脉综合征患者。研究了冠状动脉事件发生时和一年后观察到的危险因素的控制情况以及发病一年后的用药情况。分析的变量包括年龄、性别、血脂异常、高血压或糖尿病的控制情况、治疗的依从性以及生活习惯：结果：脑梗塞发生时，危险因素控制不足，有时甚至未进行评估。虽然患者的病情略有好转，但一年后控制仍然不足。此外，患者（尤其是女性）的治疗不足：心肌梗塞发生一年后，接受适当治疗的男性比女性多五分之一（20%）：与目前所做的工作相比，医院和基层医疗机构的专家必须做出更多努力，对危险因素进行良好的控制，即控制某些疾病，如糖尿病、高血压或血脂异常，以及增加心血管事件发生概率的习惯或生活方式。此外，还必须避免这些心血管疾病及其复发，以加强对处方治疗的依从性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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