Phytochemical study, antioxidant activity, and dermoprotective activity of Chenopodium ambrosioides (L.)

IF 2.1 4区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Open Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-02-03 DOI:10.1515/chem-2023-0194
Soufiane Drioua, Otman El-Guourrami, Amine Assouguem, Mouna Ameggouz, Mohammed Kara, Riaz Ullah, Ahmed Bari, Ahmed Zahidi, Azra Skender, Hanane Benzeid, Anass Doukkali
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Abstract

Chenopodium ambrosioides, a member of the Chenopodiaceae family, is renowned for its toxic properties. Despite its toxicity, it has been traditionally utilized in various communities, particularly in pediatric contexts, for its vermifuge, antispasmodic, and antipyretic attributes. This study aims to unravel the phytochemical composition present in organic fractions and aqueous extracts obtained from the aerial components of C. ambrosioides. Furthermore, our objective is to evaluate the antioxidant activity of these extracts and fractions, coupled with a comprehensive examination of their toxicological effects. Polyphenols were quantified using the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, flavonoids via the aluminum trichloride reagent AlCl3, and tannins using the vanillin method. Identification of bioactive compounds within the plant specimen was accomplished through GC-MS spectrophotometric analysis. The assessment of antioxidant activity employed DPPH, ferric (Fe3+) ion antioxidant reducing power (FRAP), ABTS, and TAC methods, with quercetin, catechin, and ascorbic acid serving as standards. Dermoprotective activity was studied using the ultraviolet absorption test. The GC-MS analysis conducted on the aqueous extracts (EAI and EAM) and assorted fractions (FCH, FE, FB, and FA) revealed the presence of diverse chemical families encompassing alcohols, acids, terpenes, steroids, and phenolic compounds. The components identified in the investigated samples, including trans-ascaridol glycol, palmitic acid, phenol, octadecadienoic acid, isoascaridol, eicosanoic acid, 2-methoxy-4-vinyl phenol, mexiletine, and thymol, are postulated as potential contributors to the observed antioxidant activity inherent in the plant extracts and fractions. Our findings highlight the remarkable antioxidant potential of Chenopodium ambrosioides, with the ethyl acetate fraction exhibiting the highest activity (IC50 = 0.54 mg/ml) in the DPPH test. In the FRAP and ABTS tests, the n-butanolic and ethyl acetate fractions demonstrated superior activity (IC50 = 4.43 mg/ml, 12.9 mg/ml and IC50 = 1.6 mg/ml, 4.54 mg/ml, respectively). Conversely, the TAC test revealed that the macerated aqueous extract displayed the highest activity (316.33 mg Eq AG/g), followed closely by the n-butanolic fraction (250.67 mg Eq AG/g). These outcomes can be attributed to the abundant presence of phenolic compounds in the n-butanolic and ethyl acetate fractions, as well as the macerated aqueous extract, playing a pivotal role in the observed antioxidant activity. Additionally, our investigation of the dermoprotective activity demonstrated robust efficacy in the ethyl acetate fraction (FE) and the n-butanolic fraction (FB) compared to the standard agents employed (ZnO and methyl salicylate). Overall, our comprehensive studies affirm that the extracts and fractions derived from C. ambrosioides manifest moderate antioxidant activities alongside significant dermoprotective potential, elucidated by the presence of phenolic compounds in moderate quantities within the plant.
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陈皮的植物化学研究、抗氧化活性和皮肤保护活性
藜芦(Chenopodium ambrosioides)是藜科(Chenopodiaceae)植物,因其毒性而闻名。尽管它具有毒性,但在各个社区,特别是在儿科,它一直被传统地用于驱虫、解痉和解热。本研究旨在揭示从 C. ambrosioides 的气生成分中获得的有机馏分和水提取物中的植物化学成分。此外,我们的目标是评估这些提取物和馏分的抗氧化活性,并对其毒理学效应进行全面检查。多酚采用 Folin-Ciocalteu 试剂进行定量,黄酮类化合物采用三氯化铝试剂 AlCl3 进行定量,单宁酸采用香兰素法进行定量。植物样本中生物活性化合物的鉴定是通过气相色谱-质谱分光光度法完成的。抗氧化活性的评估采用 DPPH、铁(Fe3+)离子抗氧化还原力(FRAP)、ABTS 和 TAC 法,以槲皮素、儿茶素和抗坏血酸为标准。紫外线吸收试验研究了皮肤保护活性。对水提取物(EAI 和 EAM)和各种馏分(FCH、FE、FB 和 FA)进行的气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)分析表明,其中存在多种化学族,包括醇类、酸类、萜烯类、甾体类和酚类化合物。调查样本中发现的成分,包括反式金刚烷醇乙二醇、棕榈酸、苯酚、十八碳二烯酸、异金刚烷醇、二十酸、2-甲氧基-4-乙烯基苯酚、麦西来坦和百里酚,被认为是植物提取物和馏分中抗氧化活性的潜在成分。我们的研究结果凸显了伏牛花的卓越抗氧化潜力,其中乙酸乙酯馏分在 DPPH 试验中表现出最高的活性(IC50 = 0.54 mg/ml)。在 FRAP 和 ABTS 试验中,正丁醇和乙酸乙酯馏分表现出更高的活性(IC50 = 4.43 毫克/毫升、12.9 毫克/毫升和 IC50 = 1.6 毫克/毫升、4.54 毫克/毫升)。相反,TAC 测试显示,浸渍水提取物的活性最高(316.33 毫克当量 AG/克),正丁醇馏分紧随其后(250.67 毫克当量 AG/克)。这些结果可归因于正丁醇和乙酸乙酯馏分以及浸渍水提取物中含有大量酚类化合物,它们在观察到的抗氧化活性中发挥了关键作用。此外,我们对皮肤保护活性的研究表明,与采用的标准制剂(氧化锌和水杨酸甲酯)相比,乙酸乙酯馏分(FE)和正丁醇馏分(FB)具有很强的功效。总之,我们的综合研究证实,伏牛花提取物和馏分具有适度的抗氧化活性和显著的皮肤保护潜力,植物中适量的酚类化合物阐明了这一点。
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来源期刊
Open Chemistry
Open Chemistry CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
4.30%
发文量
90
审稿时长
6 weeks
期刊介绍: Open Chemistry is a peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research, reviews and short communications in the fields of chemistry in an ongoing way. The central goal is to provide a hub for researchers working across all subjects to present their discoveries, and to be a forum for the discussion of the important issues in the field. The journal is the premier source for cutting edge research in fundamental chemistry and it provides high quality peer review services for its authors across the world. Moreover, it allows for libraries everywhere to avoid subscribing to multiple local publications, and to receive instead all the necessary chemistry research from a single source available to the entire scientific community.
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