Wall mosaics of Thessaloniki: A comparative study of the brown tesserae

Applied Research Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI:10.1002/appl.202300120

Maria Kyranoudi, Lamprini Malletzidou, Triantafillia Zorba, George Vourlias, Vasilios Melfos, Eleni Pavlidou, Konstantinos Chrissafis

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Abstract

The present study focuses on the archaeometric investigation of 10 brown tesserae belonging to Early Christian/Byzantine wall mosaics of three monuments of Thessaloniki, inscribed on the World Heritage List of UNESCO: Rotunda, St. Sophia, and St. Demetrios. The tesserae were analyzed via optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and UV-Vis reflectance spectroscopy to define their composition and technological characteristics. Nine of the tesserae are made of silica glass while one tessera is made of a siliceous rock. The majority of the glass tesserae, despite the chronological distance of the monuments they were collected from, present similar technological features, base glass composition, colorants, and opacifiers. Metallic copper is the main element responsible for the brown color in relation to iron which serves as a reducing agent. Opacification is attributed to tin compounds.

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塞萨洛尼基的马赛克壁画：棕色壁画的比较研究

本研究的重点是对被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录的塞萨洛尼基三座古迹的早期基督教/拜占庭壁画中的十块褐色壁画碎片进行考古调查：轮廊、圣索菲亚和圣德梅特里奥斯。通过光学显微镜 (OM)、扫描电子显微镜-能量色散光谱仪 (SEM-EDS)、X 射线衍射 (XRD) 和紫外可见反射光谱仪对这些壁画进行了分析，以确定其成分和工艺特征。其中九块魔方由硅玻璃制成，一块魔方由硅质岩石制成。尽管从不同的古迹中采集到的玻璃砖在年代上相距甚远，但大多数玻璃砖都呈现出相似的技术特征、基本玻璃成分、着色剂和不透明剂。金属铜是造成棕色的主要元素，而铁则是还原剂。本文受版权保护。本文受版权保护，保留所有权利。

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