Impact of COVID-19 in the Age of Computer-Assisted Surgery: Cost and Effectiveness Comparison between Robotic and Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Surgery in a Single-Center Experience

Abstract

Background. We conducted a cost and effectiveness analysis comparing robotic vs minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (RMVS vs MIMVS). The aim was to assess whether the higher cost of the robotic technique could be mitigated by the clinical advantages. Methods. We included 118 patients undergoing RMVS and 233 patients undergoing MIMVS. Initially, RMVS experience was developed during the COVID-19 pandemic. A propensity score matching analysis was performed. Postoperative outcomes and cost of care were compared. Results. RMVS patients had significantly shorter ICU and hospital lengths of stay. They also had a significantly earlier return to home. The cost of the total hospitalization and healthcare services were also significantly lower. Conclusion. Shorter hospitalization and lower cost of postoperative healthcare services may mitigate the initial investment cost to purchase and maintain the robot. These benefits are all the more relevant considering that several RMVS treatments were carried out during the COVID-19 pandemic.