Recent developments in occupational asthma.

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-28 DOI:10.1097/MCP.0000000000001062

Claudia Blouin, Catherine Lemière

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Abstract

Purpose of review: Occupational asthma (OA) is a complex condition that can be difficult to diagnose. The purpose of this review is to describe some recent findings regarding the epidemiology of OA, the occupational sensitizing agents, the prognosis of OA, and its primary prevention.

Recent findings: The risk of developing OA varies according to the geographic localization of the worker, the type of industry and the type of sensitizing agents. New findings have been reported for several known sensitizing agents, such as isocyanates, seafood & cleaning agents, and their related industries, such as hairdressing salons and schools. Moreover, a few new sensitizing agents, such as cannabis, have been identified in the past few years. The prognosis of OA seems worse than that of nonwork-related asthma. It is mainly determined by the duration and the level of exposure. Primary prevention is crucial to reduce the number of new cases of OA. Complete avoidance of exposure to the causal agent remains the optimal treatment of sensitizer-induced OA.

Summary: Improving our knowledge regarding OA and its causative agents is key to enable an early recognition of this condition and improve its prognosis. Further research is still needed to improve primary prevention.

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职业性哮喘的最新进展。

本综述的目的：职业性哮喘（OA）是一种难以诊断的复杂疾病。本综述旨在介绍有关职业性哮喘的流行病学、职业致敏因素、职业性哮喘的预后及其一级预防的一些最新发现：罹患 OA 的风险因工人的地理位置、行业类型和致敏剂类型而异。一些已知的致敏剂，如异氰酸酯、海鲜和清洁剂，以及与之相关的行业，如美发沙龙和学校，都有新的发现。此外，过去几年还发现了一些新的致敏物质，如大麻。OA 的预后似乎比非工作相关性哮喘更差。这主要取决于接触的时间长短和程度。初级预防对于减少 OA 新发病例至关重要。小结：提高我们对 OA 及其致病因子的认识是早期识别这种疾病并改善其预后的关键。仍需进一步研究，以改善初级预防。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine 医学-呼吸系统

CiteScore

6.20

自引率

0.00%

发文量

109

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine is a highly regarded journal offering insightful editorials and on-the-mark invited reviews, covering key subjects such as asthma; cystic fibrosis; infectious diseases; diseases of the pleura; and sleep and respiratory neurobiology. Published bimonthly, each issue of Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine introduces world renowned guest editors and internationally recognized academics within the pulmonary field, delivering a widespread selection of expert assessments on the latest developments from the most recent literature.