Clozapine: A special case of an atypical antipsychotic

Elina Marinho
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Abstract

The treatment of psychiatric disorders is still an unresolved problem in our society and schizophrenia, the 12th cause of disability in the world, is an important and serious mental disorder. This short review presents a comprehensive overview of the gold standard clozapine developed approximately seven decades ago, which can be considered a milestone in the development of new antipsychotics. It is the first atypical antipsychotic to enter clinical use and is recognized for the treatment of psychiatric illnesses such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, as its efficacy is superior to other antipsychotic agents like chlorpromazine. Clozapine is a 5-HT2A and D2 receptor antagonist, as well as a 5-HT1A receptor agonist.

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氯氮平非典型抗精神病药物的一个特例
精神障碍的治疗在我们的社会中仍然是一个悬而未决的问题,而精神分裂症是世界上第 12 位致残原因,是一种重要而严重的精神障碍。本简短综述全面介绍了约七十年前开发的黄金标准药物氯氮平,它可以说是新型抗精神病药物开发过程中的一个里程碑。它是第一个进入临床应用的非典型抗精神病药物,因其疗效优于氯丙嗪等其他抗精神病药物,而被公认为治疗精神分裂症和双相情感障碍等精神疾病的首选药物。氯氮平是一种 5-HT2A 和 D2 受体拮抗剂,也是一种 5-HT1A 受体激动剂。
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