Student Cognitive Enhancement with Non-Prescribed Modafinil. Is it Cheating?

Alexia Kesta, Philip M. Newton
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Abstract

Modafinil, a prescription-only drug, it is mainly used to treat narcolepsy and sleep disorders, but it is also used, without a prescription, as a cognitive enhancer by ~10% of UK University students. Previous research has focused on the prevalence of, and motivations for, these behaviours. Here we focused specifically on determining whether students view this behaviour as cheating. We used a scenario-based approach to quantify, and qualitatively understand, student views on this topic. Most students did not view this behaviour as cheating, in part due to similarities with freely available stimulants such as caffeine, and a view that cognitive enhancement does not confer new knowledge or understanding. Although a minority of students did view it as cheating, they also expressed strong views, based in part on basic questions of fairness and access. Few students did not have a view either way. These views remained largely unchanged even when presented with considerations of other moderators of the ethics of cognitive enhancement with modafinil.
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使用非处方莫达非尼增强学生认知能力。这是作弊吗?
莫达非尼是一种处方药,主要用于治疗嗜睡症和睡眠障碍,但也有约 10% 的英国大学生在没有处方的情况下将其用作认知增强剂。以前的研究主要关注这些行为的普遍性和动机。在此,我们特别关注确定学生是否将这种行为视为作弊。我们采用基于情景的方法来量化和定性地了解学生对这一主题的看法。大多数学生并不认为这种行为是作弊,部分原因是这种行为与咖啡因等可免费获得的兴奋剂相似,而且他们认为认知增强并不会带来新的知识或理解。虽然有少数学生认为这是作弊,但他们也表达了强烈的观点,部分是基于公平和获取的基本问题。很少有学生不持任何观点。即使考虑到使用莫达非尼增强认知能力的伦理问题的其他调节因素,这些观点在很大程度上也没有改变。
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