Luxenburger's 1939 Essay on “Schizophrenia and its Hereditary Circle”

IF 1.6 3区 医学 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics Pub Date : 2024-03-16 DOI:10.1002/ajmg.b.32977
Kenneth S. Kendler, Astrid Klee
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Abstract

In 1939, Hans Luxenburger published a detailed overview of the current status of schizophrenia genetics research, reaching six major conclusions. First, schizophrenia is clearly a hereditary disease. Second, however, schizophrenia is not the hereditary trait itself but rather the consequences of a slowly developing biological progress, the nature of which remains entirely unknown. Third, the full manifestation of the disorder requires certain environmental influences that must come into play. In around 30% of cases, the environment can inhibit hereditary factors so that the predisposition does not manifest in schizophrenia. Fourth, the mode of inheritance of schizophrenia remains unknown, although recessivity is more likely than dominance and monomerism is more likely than polymerism. Fifth, current evidence suggests that schizophrenia is likely etiologically homogenous. Sixth, schizophrenia is part of a hereditary circle that includes “normal” variants of the human personality (schizothymia), a pathological version of this dimension (schizoidia), and other schizophrenia-like delusional syndromes. Luxenburger is skeptical of efforts to clarify further Mendelian transmission models in the absence of pathophysiological markers because schizophrenia cannot serve as a typical phenotype for genetic analysis. By contrast, he strongly supports empirical work on hereditary prognosis, which does not depend on assumptions about any particular phenotype–genotype relationship.

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卢克森伯格 1939 年关于 "精神分裂症及其遗传循环 "的论文。
1939 年,汉斯-卢克森伯格(Hans Luxenburger)发表了一篇关于精神分裂症遗传学研究现状的详细综述,得出了六大结论。第一,精神分裂症显然是一种遗传性疾病。然而,第二,精神分裂症并不是遗传性状本身,而是缓慢发展的生物学进程的结果,其本质仍然完全未知。第三,精神分裂症的全面显现需要一定的环境影响。在大约 30% 的病例中,环境可以抑制遗传因素,从而使精神分裂症的易感性不表现出来。第四,尽管隐性遗传比显性遗传更有可能,单体遗传比聚合遗传更有可能,但精神分裂症的遗传方式仍然未知。第五,目前的证据表明,精神分裂症的病因很可能是同源的。第六,精神分裂症是遗传循环的一部分,这个循环包括人类人格的 "正常 "变体(分裂症)、这一维度的病理版本(类分裂症)以及其他类似精神分裂症的妄想综合征。卢森伯格对在没有病理生理标记的情况下进一步阐明孟德尔遗传模型的努力持怀疑态度,因为精神分裂症不能作为遗传分析的典型表型。与此相反,他大力支持有关遗传预后的经验性工作,因为这些工作并不依赖于任何特定表型与基因型关系的假设。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
7.10%
发文量
40
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, Part B of the American Journal of Medical Genetics (AJMG) , provides a forum for experimental and clinical investigations of the genetic mechanisms underlying neurologic and psychiatric disorders. It is a resource for novel genetics studies of the heritable nature of psychiatric and other nervous system disorders, characterized at the molecular, cellular or behavior levels. Neuropsychiatric Genetics publishes eight times per year.
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