Linguistic Analysis of News Title Strategies in Media Frame—A Case Study of “The Mueller Investigation” in the News Titles of The New York Times and Fox News

Hairuo Wang
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Abstract

The United States Federal Bureau of Investigation had been investigating the relationship between Russian agents and members of Trump’s presidential campaign since July 2016 out of suspicions that the President-elect worked with Russia to interfere in the 2016 U.S. presidential election, which became a major news event in American media. The headlines from news media outlets illustrate the strategic use of language to shape opinions and frames. Conducted with the tools of System Functional Linguistics, in particular, the appraisal and ideation resources, based on the framing theory of Journalism Studies, this research aims to answer the two research questions: (1) What frames did The New York Times and Fox News construct in their coverage of the Mueller investigation? (2) What linguistic strategies did The New York Times and Fox News use respectively to construct their frames? It was found that The New York Times uses fewer evaluative tools than Fox News, but the expression of attitudes draws on the context in which they are presented and evaluation is expressed in a more sophisticated and refined manner. Fox News is more straightforward without hiding its own opinion and biases. This research is important in further understanding of the American media and their linguistic strategies in forming manipulative frames.
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媒体框架中新闻标题策略的语言学分析--《纽约时报》和福克斯新闻的新闻标题中的 "穆勒调查 "案例研究
美国联邦调查局自2016年7月起就开始调查俄罗斯特工与特朗普总统竞选团队成员之间的关系,原因是怀疑当选总统与俄罗斯合作干预2016年美国总统大选,这成为美国媒体的一大新闻事件。新闻媒体的头条新闻说明了语言塑造观点和框架的策略性使用。本研究以新闻研究的框架理论为基础,运用系统功能语言学的工具,特别是评价和表意资源,旨在回答两个研究问题:(1)《纽约时报》和福克斯新闻在报道穆勒调查时构建了哪些框架?(2)《纽约时报》和福克斯新闻在构建框架时分别使用了哪些语言策略?研究发现,《纽约时报》使用的评价工具少于福克斯新闻,但态度的表达借鉴了其所处的语境,评价的表达方式更为复杂和精致。福克斯新闻则更加直截了当,毫不掩饰自己的观点和偏见。这项研究对于进一步了解美国媒体及其形成操纵框架的语言策略具有重要意义。
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