Modelling the paleopedological development of loess/palaeosol sections using discriminant function analysis of compositional geoscience data, case study in Eastern Croatia

IF 3.4 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Journal of Geochemical Exploration Pub Date : 2024-04-06 DOI:10.1016/j.gexplo.2024.107473
Lidija Galović, Ajka Šorša, Zoran Peh
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Abstract

Previous studies on the mineralogical differentiation of Pleistocene loess/palaeosol sections focused on the description and source material of four loess/palaeosol sections located on the eastern border of Croatia along the Danube: Zmajevac, Zmajevac I, Erdut and Šarengrad. The authors demonstrated the decreasing influence of the Danube and the increasing influence of the rivers draining the Central Bosnian Mountains of the Dinaric Ophiolite Zone both important source areas for aeolian sediments at the southern edge of the Carpathian Basin that transport material from the Central Bosnian Mountains. The aim of this research is to identify the palaeoclimatic factors that influenced the pedogenetic development of the studied palaeosols. The model was created based on the research results of the same four loess/palaeosol sequences in Eastern Croatia. This model can also be applied in other locations to determine the influence of certain climatic factors on the degree of pedogenetic development of individual palaeosols. The loess/palaeosol sequences were divided into eight comprehensive groups (horizons) based on their genesis, degree of pedological development and/or position in the soil profiles. The explanation of the typical patterns occurring between the studied horizons is based on the construction of a Discriminant Function Model (DFM) resulting from the analysis of the compositional data (CoDa) of the geochemical (major and trace elements) and granulometric (grain size) data of the loess/palaeosols in combination with external variables such as weathering coefficients and chemical soil properties. In the final phase, the DFM was transformed from structural (mathematical) to functional (process) terms. This revealed that three main themes dominate the formation of Pleistocene loess/palaeosol sequences: 1) the separation of well-developed palaeosols from parent material; 2) the separation of automorphic palaeosols from hydromorphic soils exposed to post-pedogenic waterlogging conditions; and 3) the differentiation of horizons (soils and alluvium) formed by the redeposition (by water or mudflows) of previously deposited aeolian material, regardless of whether and to what extent it was exposed to post-sedimentary pedogenesis.

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利用成分地球科学数据的判别函数分析建立黄土/古沉积剖面的古地质发展模型,克罗地亚东部的案例研究
以前对更新世黄土/古沉积物剖面矿物学分异的研究主要集中在对位于克罗地亚东部边境多瑙河沿岸的四个黄土/古沉积物剖面的描述和原始材料上:Zmajevac、Zmajevac I、Erdut和Šarengrad。作者指出,多瑙河的影响在减小,而排入迪纳拉鲕粒带波斯尼亚中部山脉的河流的影响在增大,这两条河流都是喀尔巴阡山盆地南缘风化沉积物的重要来源区,它们将来自波斯尼亚中部山脉的物质运送到这里。这项研究的目的是确定影响所研究古溶胶的成因发展的古气候因素。该模型是根据对克罗地亚东部相同的四个黄土/古溶胶序列的研究成果创建的。该模型也可应用于其他地方,以确定某些气候因素对个别古溶胶的成土作用发展程度的影响。根据黄土/古沉积物序列的成因、土壤学发展程度和/或在土壤剖面中的位置,将其划分为八个综合组(地层)。通过分析黄土/古沉积物的地球化学(主要元素和痕量元素)和粒度(粒径)组成数据(CoDa),并结合风化系数和土壤化学性质等外部变量,构建了判别函数模型(DFM),从而解释了所研究地层之间出现的典型模式。在最后阶段,将 DFM 从结构(数学)术语转换为功能(过程)术语。结果表明,在更新世黄土/古土壤序列的形成过程中,有三大主题占据主导地位:1) 从母质中分离出发育良好的古溶胶;2) 从暴露于后沉积成因水涝条件下的水成土壤中分离出自动形态的古溶胶;3) 由先前沉积的风化物质(由水或泥流)重新沉积而形成的地层(土壤和冲积层)的分化,无论其是否暴露于沉积后成因,也无论其暴露程度如何。
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来源期刊
Journal of Geochemical Exploration
Journal of Geochemical Exploration 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
7.70%
发文量
148
审稿时长
8.1 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Geochemical Exploration is mostly dedicated to publication of original studies in exploration and environmental geochemistry and related topics. Contributions considered of prevalent interest for the journal include researches based on the application of innovative methods to: define the genesis and the evolution of mineral deposits including transfer of elements in large-scale mineralized areas. analyze complex systems at the boundaries between bio-geochemistry, metal transport and mineral accumulation. evaluate effects of historical mining activities on the surface environment. trace pollutant sources and define their fate and transport models in the near-surface and surface environments involving solid, fluid and aerial matrices. assess and quantify natural and technogenic radioactivity in the environment. determine geochemical anomalies and set baseline reference values using compositional data analysis, multivariate statistics and geo-spatial analysis. assess the impacts of anthropogenic contamination on ecosystems and human health at local and regional scale to prioritize and classify risks through deterministic and stochastic approaches. Papers dedicated to the presentation of newly developed methods in analytical geochemistry to be applied in the field or in laboratory are also within the topics of interest for the journal.
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