A spray-on environmentally friendly degradable mulch material and its high efficiency in controlling above-ground biomass of weeds in greenhouse experiments
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Abstract
This study describes a novel spray-on mulch material as an alternative to currently used weed control methods. The mulch material is based on renewable raw materials, mainly rapeseed oil, starch and sodium alginate.
Laboratory tests were conducted to obtain a mulch material with the best possible properties. Formulations with different ingredients were prepared and tested for their material properties. The formulations were investigated for potential shrinkage tendency and heat resistance as well as water resistance. Further tests such as resistance to mould infestation and aerobic degradability according to DIN EN ISO 17556 were carried out with the formulation that performed best in the previous tests. Mould resistance was enhanced by adding sodium benzoate. In the laboratory experiment, the CO2 decomposition rate was about 30% after seven weeks. With the favouritised variant, which was found step by step through the experiments, an outdoor field test was carried out to investigate the durability under natural conditions over the vegetation period. In the field, the mulch material maintained its function for six months. In the greenhouse, the effect of the mulch material on weeds was studied. It was found that the mulch material showed a high efficiency in controlling above-ground biomass of Elymus repens, Amaranthus retroflexus, and Setaria viridis. In addition, the biomass of the roots of Amaranthus retroflexus and Elymus repens was reduced. Further studies are on the way to elucidate field suitability and the weed suppressive effect under different environmental conditions.
摘要 本研究介绍了一种新型喷洒覆盖材料，可替代目前使用的除草方法。地膜材料基于可再生原料，主要是菜籽油、淀粉和海藻酸钠。为了获得性能最佳的地膜材料，我们进行了实验室测试。制备了含有不同成分的配方，并对其材料特性进行了测试。对配方的潜在收缩趋势、耐热性和耐水性进行了研究。根据 DIN EN ISO 17556 标准，对之前测试中表现最好的配方进行了进一步测试，如抗霉菌侵染性和有氧降解性。加入苯甲酸钠后，防霉性得到了增强。在实验室实验中，七周后二氧化碳的分解率约为 30%。通过实验逐步找到了最理想的变体，并进行了室外实地测试，以研究其在自然条件下植被期的耐久性。在田间，地膜材料的功能保持了 6 个月。在温室中，研究了地膜材料对杂草的影响。结果发现，地膜材料能有效控制稗草、反枝苋和荠菜的地上生物量。此外，反褶苋和Elymus repens的根部生物量也有所减少。目前正在开展进一步研究，以阐明在不同环境条件下的田间适用性和抑制杂草的效果。
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection (JPDP) is an international scientific journal that publishes original research articles, reviews, short communications, position and opinion papers dealing with applied scientific aspects of plant pathology, plant health, plant protection and findings on newly occurring diseases and pests. "Special Issues" on coherent themes often arising from International Conferences are offered.
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