Exploring student perceptions: Factors influencing academic performance in a school of pharmacy in Nigeria

Abstract

Background: The failure and success rate of students in pharmacy school has been shown to be dependent on some courses that predict academic performance. The study identified factors that could impact failure and academic performances of pharmacy students at Obafemi Awolowo University. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study of 219 undergraduate pharmacy students from third, fourth and fifth years of a school of pharmacy in Nigeria. A pre-tested questionnaire gathered data on demographics, course perceptions and academic factors. Descriptive and inferential statistics such as percentages, weighted averages, and Chi squared tests were used to analyse the data obtained at p < 0.05. Results: Financial constraints, family challenges, and a lack of peer interaction were significantly associated with repeating a year. Specific courses perceived as difficult included “Pharmaceutical organic chemistry” (PHC 202), “Practical pharmaceutics I” (PHA 201) and “Medicinal chemistry II” (PHC 402). Courses perceived as difficult, particularly in the fourth year, were notably linked to academic stress. Conclusion: The study identified specific factors and courses that affect pharmacy students’ performance in the Nigerian context. Policy makers and faculty can take vital feedback to adjust the training content, methods and assessment system to possibly deliver a holistic education to pharmacy students.