Exergoeconomic evaluation and multi-objective optimization of a novel geothermal-driven zero-emission system for cooling, electricity, and hydrogen production: capable of working with low-temperature resources

IF 2.9 2区 地球科学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS Geothermal Energy Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI:10.1186/s40517-024-00293-7
Hamid-Reza Bahrami, Marc A. Rosen
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Abstract

Geothermal energy is an abundant natural resource in many regions around the world. However, in some areas, the temperature of the geothermal energy resource is too low to be efficiently harvested. Organic Rankine cycles (ORCs) are known for recovering heat from low-temperature resources and generating electricity. Furthermore, half-effect absorption chillers (HEACs) are designed to produce cooling with low-temperature resources. This study proposes a novel configuration that utilizes an ORC for electricity generation, a HEAC for cooling production, and a PEM electrolysis system to produce hydrogen. The power section consists of two turbines, one driven by the vapor produced from the geothermal flow expansion, which powers the PEM section, while the other turbine in the ORC is used to drive pumps and electricity production. First, the system is thermoeconomically analyzed for an initial set of inputs. Then, various parameters are analyzed to determine their influences on system performance. The analyses reveal that the system can work with geothermal source temperatures as low as 80 °C, but the exergy and energy (thermal) efficiencies decrease to around 17% under the base settings. Furthermore, the system is capable of working with resource temperatures up to 170 °C. Ten parameters are found to affect the system’s efficiency and effectiveness. To optimize the system, the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) is implemented to find the optimum conditions. The objective functions are exergy efficiency and unit polygeneration cost (UPGC), which can conflict. The optimization shows that the exergy efficiency of the system can reach 48% in the optimal conditions (for a heat source temperature of 112 °C and a mass flow rate of geothermal fluid of 44 kg/s), with a hydrogen production rate of 1.1 kg/h.

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用于制冷、发电和制氢的新型地热驱动零排放系统的 Exergoeconomic 评估和多目标优化:能够利用低温资源工作
地热能是世界上许多地区丰富的自然资源。然而,在某些地区,地热能源资源的温度太低,无法有效利用。众所周知,有机郎肯循环(ORC)可以从低温资源中回收热量并发电。此外,半效吸收式冷却器(HEACs)的设计目的是利用低温资源产生冷却。本研究提出了一种利用 ORC 发电、HEAC 制冷和 PEM 电解系统制氢的新型配置。动力部分由两个涡轮机组成,其中一个由地热流膨胀产生的蒸汽驱动,为 PEM 部分提供动力,而 ORC 中的另一个涡轮机则用于驱动泵和发电。首先,对初始输入集进行系统热经济分析。然后,对各种参数进行分析,以确定它们对系统性能的影响。分析结果表明,该系统可以在地热源温度低至 80 °C 的情况下工作,但在基本设置下,放能和能量(热)效率会降低到 17% 左右。此外,该系统还能在资源温度高达 170 °C 的情况下工作。有 10 个参数会影响系统的效率和效果。为了优化系统,采用了非优势排序遗传算法 II(NSGA-II)来寻找最佳条件。目标函数为能效和单位多发电量成本(UPGC),两者可能存在冲突。优化结果表明,在最佳条件下(热源温度为 112 °C,地热流体质量流量为 44 kg/s),系统的能效可达 48%,氢气生产率为 1.1 kg/h。
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来源期刊
Geothermal Energy
Geothermal Energy Earth and Planetary Sciences-Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
7.10%
发文量
25
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: Geothermal Energy is a peer-reviewed fully open access journal published under the SpringerOpen brand. It focuses on fundamental and applied research needed to deploy technologies for developing and integrating geothermal energy as one key element in the future energy portfolio. Contributions include geological, geophysical, and geochemical studies; exploration of geothermal fields; reservoir characterization and modeling; development of productivity-enhancing methods; and approaches to achieve robust and economic plant operation. Geothermal Energy serves to examine the interaction of individual system components while taking the whole process into account, from the development of the reservoir to the economic provision of geothermal energy.
期刊最新文献
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