Mitigating the Drinking Water Crisis in Developing Regions: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Disinfection Technologies

Abstract

Securing clean drinking water in developing countries is imperative for human survival, yet persistent challenges exist in cost implementation and technical operations. This paper aims to assess disinfection methods, with a focus on the efficacy of chlorination and ozonation in neutralizing bacteria. By thoroughly examining both conven - tional and advanced disinfection techniques, the paper offers a comprehensive perspective on potential solutions. The analysis scrutinizes key parameters, particularly the efficiency in neutralizing bacteria, revealing chlorination and ozonation as standout methods. Furthermore, considerations of cost-effectiveness underscore the viability of diverse options, including solar disinfection, solar pasteurization, alternative pasteurization methods, chlorine dioxide, and filtration. In essence, this paper serves as an essential resource for those navigating the complexities of water quality and accessibility, particularly in regions where the need is most acute.