Emergency monitoring layout model for sudden water pollution accidents in water distribution networks

Abstract

The layout of emergency monitoring points (EMPs) in water distribution networks is one of the main measures to ensure the water safety of residents and preserve the sustainable development of cities and society. The impact factors on the layout of EMPs are first analyzed. Then, a new emergency monitoring layout model is presented with the goal of maximizing the number of the excluded possible sources and minimizing the formulated time of emergency response. Finally, taking EPANET Network 3 as a simulation case to verify the proposed model. The results show the new layout model can effectively exclude 60% of the number of possible sources, and shorten 18% the formulated time of emergency response measure. There are many factors that affect the layout of EMPs, which mainly include the time of arranging EMPs, the latest time to formulate the emergency response measure, the number of emergency monitoring equipment available, and the relative error criteria of pollutant concentration, from apparently to slightly. It provides a new idea for emergency decision-makers to deal with sudden water pollution accidents in water distribution networks.