Developmental Monitoring in Special Supplemental Nutrition Programs for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) Increases Referrals to Social Supports

Abstract

To examine the impact of developmental monitoring on child referrals, a retrospective data review, comparing seven pilot programs with seven matched controls in Special Supplemental Nutrition Programs for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) was completed. Pilot programs were trained on developmental monitoring and how to refer families to their local Early Intervention (EI) program, Special Education, or Family TIES (Together in Enhancing Support), services when there is a developmental concern. The “Learn the Signs. Act Early” developmental monitoring program was implemented, and the outcomes included the number of referrals made over a 6-month period. The results indicated a statistically significant difference (p = <.001) in referrals made preimplementation compared to postimplementation with a large effect size (d = 0.96) for pilot programs. Additionally, when analyzing between-groups there were significantly more referrals (p = .001) made at the pilot programs compared to the control programs, again with a large effect size (d = 2.10). This study shows that the implementation of developmental monitoring within WIC programs was effective in increasing referrals to intervention services designed to support families with early identification of developmental delay.